垂頭喪氣
Chinese
[edit]| to hang or bow one's head | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (垂頭喪氣) | 垂頭 | 喪氣 | |
| simp. (垂头丧气) | 垂头 | 丧气 | |
| Literally: “to bow one's head and lose heart”. | |||
Etymology
[edit]First attested in 811, in Goodbye to Penury (《送窮文》) by Han Yu (韓愈):
- 主人於是垂頭喪氣，上手稱謝，燒車與船，延之上座。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- Zhǔrén yúshì chuítóusàngqì, shàngshǒu chēngxiè, shāo chē yǔ chuán, yán zhī shàngzuò. [Pinyin]
- The master then bowed his head and felt disheartened, raised his hand to thank them [the five ghosts of poverty], burned the cart and boat, and invited them to the seat of honour.
主人于是垂头丧气，上手称谢，烧车与船，延之上座。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄟˊ ㄊㄡˊ ㄙㄤˋ ㄑㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chuéitóusàngcì
- Wade–Giles: chʻui2-tʻou2-sang4-chʻi4
- Yale: chwéi-tóu-sàng-chì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chweitoursanqchih
- Palladius: чуйтоусанци (čujtousanci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: seoi4 tau4 song3 hei3
- Yale: sèuih tàuh song hei
- Cantonese Pinyin: soey4 tau4 song3 hei3
- Guangdong Romanization: sêu4 teo4 song3 héi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɵy̯²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹ sɔːŋ³³ hei̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Middle Chinese: dzywe duw sangH khj+jH
Idiom
[edit]垂頭喪氣
Synonyms
[edit]- (Hokkien) 𥓍垂
Categories:
- Literary Chinese terms with usage examples
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- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
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- zh:Emotions