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喪氣

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

		lose (by death); mourning; funeral	gas; air; smell gas; air; smell; weather; vital breath; to make someone angry; to get angry; to be enraged
trad. (喪氣)		喪	氣
simp. (丧气)		丧	气

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sàngqì

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄤˋ ㄑㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): song³ hei³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sòng-khì
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵saon-chi₅

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sàngqì
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄤˋ ㄑㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sàngcì
  - Wade–Giles: sang⁴-chʻi⁴
  - Yale: sàng-chì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanqchih
  - Palladius: санци (sanci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: song³ hei³
  - Yale: song hei
  - Cantonese Pinyin: song³ hei³
  - Guangdong Romanization: song³ héi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔːŋ³³ hei̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sòng-khì
  - Tâi-lô: sòng-khì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sorngqix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵saon-chi₅
  - MiniDict: saon^去 chi^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²saan-qi₂
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sɑ̃³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: sangH khj+jH

Rime
Character	喪	氣
Reading #	2/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)	微 (20)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	蘇浪切	去旣切
Baxter	sangH	khj+jH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑŋ^H/	/kʰɨi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑŋ^H/	/kʰɨi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑŋ^H/	/kʰiəi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/saŋ^H/	/kʰɨj^H/
Li Rong	/sɑŋ^H/	/kʰiəi^H/
Wang Li	/sɑŋ^H/	/kʰĭəi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/sɑŋ^H/	/kʰe̯i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sàng	qì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	song³	hei³

Verb

喪氣

to feel disheartened; to lose heart; to become crestfallen

Synonyms

嘔興 / 呕兴 (Xiamen Hokkien)
失望 (shīwàng)
慼心 / 戚心 (“chheh-sim”) (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
掃興 / 扫兴
敗興 / 败兴 (bàixìng)
死空 (Hokkien)
死窟 (Hokkien)
死蕩蕩 / 死荡荡 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
氣餒 / 气馁 (qìněi)
洩勁 / 泄劲 (xièjìn)
洩氣 / 泄气 (xièqì)
灰心 (huīxīn)
無望 / 无望 (wúwàng)
絕望 / 绝望 (juéwàng)

Derived terms

垂頭喪氣 / 垂头丧气 (chuítóusàngqì)
灰心喪氣 / 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)

Adjective

喪氣

disheartened; dejected; dispirited

Synonyms

低沉 (dīchén)
低落 (dīluò)
冷館 / 冷馆 (Xiamen Hokkien)
壓抑 / 压抑 (yāyì)
失望 (shīwàng)
失落 (shīluò)
寡歡 / 寡欢 (guǎhuān)
幽鬱 / 幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
悒鬱 / 悒郁 (yìyù) (literary)
悒鬱寡歡 / 悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān)
愁悶 / 愁闷 (chóumèn)
憂悶 / 忧闷 (yōumèn)
慘沮 / 惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) (literary)
憂鬱 / 忧郁 (yōuyù)
憋悶 / 憋闷
懊喪 / 懊丧 (àosàng)
抑鬱 / 抑郁 (yìyù)
沉悶 / 沉闷 (chénmèn)
沉抑 (chényì)
沉鬱 / 沉郁 (chényù) (literary)
沮喪 / 沮丧 (jǔsàng)
消極 / 消极 (xiāojí)
消沉 (xiāochén)
灰 (huī) (literary, or in compounds)
灰心 (huīxīn)
灰心喪氣 / 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
煩悶 / 烦闷 (fánmèn)
神傷 / 神伤 (shénshāng) (literary)
索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
苦悶 / 苦闷 (kǔmèn)
萎靡
陰暗 / 阴暗 (yīn'àn)
陰沉 / 阴沉 (yīnchén)
頹唐 / 颓唐 (tuítáng)
頹喪 / 颓丧 (tuísàng)
頹廢 / 颓废 (tuífèi)
鬱悶 / 郁闷 (yùmèn)
鬱鬱 / 郁郁 (yùyù) (literary)
鬱鬱不樂 / 郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
鬱鬱寡歡 / 郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
齪嘈 / 龊嘈 (Hokkien)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sàngqi

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄤˋ ˙ㄑㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): song³ hei³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sòng-khì

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sàngqi
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄤˋ ˙ㄑㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sàngci̊
  - Wade–Giles: sang⁴-chʻi⁵
  - Yale: sàng-chi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanq.chi
  - Palladius: санци (sanci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: song³ hei³
  - Yale: song hei
  - Cantonese Pinyin: song³ hei³
  - Guangdong Romanization: song³ héi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔːŋ³³ hei̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sòng-khì
  - Tâi-lô: sòng-khì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sorngqix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi²¹/

Verb

喪氣

(informal) to be unlucky; to be out of luck; to have bad luck

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