四十

Chinese

		four	ten
simp. and trad. (四十)		四	十
alternative forms		肆拾 financial
anagram		十四

Chinese cardinal numbers

<  39	40	41  >
Cardinal : 四十 (sìshí)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): sìshí

  (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ ㄕˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si⁴ si²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сышы (sɨšɨ, III-I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sei³ sap⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): si-sṳ̍p
• Eastern Min (BUC): sé-sĕk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sì-cha̍p

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si³ zab⁸

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵sy-zeq / ⁵sy-seq; ⁵sy-zeq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sr⁴ shr⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sìshí
    • Zhuyin: ㄙˋ ㄕˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sìhshíh
    • Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴-shih²
    • Yale: sz̀-shŕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syhshyr
    • Palladius: сыши (syši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 四十 四時 / 四时 巳時 / 巳时

  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: si⁴ si²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ss
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹³ sz̩²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сышы (sɨšɨ, III-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁴⁴ ʂʐ̩²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sei³ sap⁶
    • Yale: sei sahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sei³ sap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: séi³ seb⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sei̯³³ sɐp̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si-sṳ̍p
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi siib
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi⁴ sib⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /si⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sé-sĕk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)lɛiʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong, Taichung, Lukang, Philippines, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì-cha̍p
    • Tâi-lô: sì-tsa̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siezap
    • IPA (Taipei): /si¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /si¹²⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Lukang): /si³¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚³⁵/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /si²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Yilan): /si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁵/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang): /si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sap̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Tainan): /si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si³ zab⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sì tsa̍p
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sap̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵sy-zeq
    • MiniDict: sy^去 zeh
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sr-zeq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁵sy-seq; ⁵sy-zeq
    • MiniDict: sy^去 seh; sy^去 zeh
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /sz̩⁵² səʔ³³/, /sz̩⁵² zəʔ³³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sr⁴ shr⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /sz̩⁴⁵ ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sz̩⁴⁵ sz̩²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: sijH dzyip

Rime
Character	四	十
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	息利切	是執切
Baxter	sijH	dzyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪH/	/d͡ʑiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/siH/	/d͡ʑip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sjɪH/	/d͡ʑjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/siH/	/d͡ʑip̚/
Li Rong	/siH/	/ʑiəp̚/
Wang Li	/siH/	/ʑĭĕp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/siH/	/ʑi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sì	shí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si3	sap6

Numeral

四十

1. forty; 40

Derived terms

• 四十一 (sìshíyī)
• 四十七 (sìshíqī)
• 四十三 (sìshísān)
• 四十九 (sìshíjiǔ)
• 四十二 (sìshí'èr)
• 四十五 (sìshíwǔ)
• 四十八 (sìshíbā)
• 四十六 (sìshíliù)
• 四十四 (sìshísì)
• 四十埠 (Sìshíbù)
• 四十年代 (sìshí niándài)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (四十):

• → Japanese: 四十(しじゅう) (shijū)
• → Korean: 사십(四十) (sasip)

See also

• 卌 (xì)
• 𠦜

Japanese

Japanese cardinal numbers

<  39	40	41  >
Cardinal : 四十

Pronunciation 1

Kanji in this term
四	十
し Grade: 1	じゅう Grade: 1
on'yomi

• (Tokyo) しじゅう [shìjúꜜù] (Nakadaka – [2])
• (Tokyo) しじゅう [shìjúú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕiʑɨː]

Numeral

四(し)十(じゅう) • (shijū) ^{←しじふ (sizifu)?}

1. forty; 40

Usage notes

Use nakadaka for nouns and heiban for adverbs.

Derived terms

• うかうか三(さん)十(じゅう)きょろきょろ四(し)十(じゅう) (ukauka sanjū kyorokyoro shijū)

Pronunciation 2

Kanji in this term
四	十
よん Grade: 1	じゅう Grade: 1
yutōyomi

• (Tokyo) よんじゅう [yóꜜǹjùù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [jõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨː]

Numeral

四(よん)十(じゅう) • (yonjū) ^{←よんじふ (yonzifu)?}

1. forty; 40

Pronunciation 3

Kanji in this term
四	十
よ Grade: 1	そ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

• (Tokyo) よそ [yóꜜsò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [jo̞so̞]

Numeral

四(よ)十(そ) • (yoso) 

1. forty; 40

Pronunciation 4

Kanji in this term
四	十
よ Grade: 1	そ(じ) Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
四十路

• (Tokyo) よそじ [yóꜜsòjì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) よそじ [yòsójí] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) よそじ [yòsóꜜjì] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [jo̞so̞ʑi]

Numeral

四(よ)十(そじ) • (yosoji) ^{←よそぢ (yosodi)?}

1. (literary) forty; 40
2. (literary) forty years; forty years old

Korean

Hanja in this term
四	十

Numeral

四十 • (sasip) (hangeul 사십)

1. hanja form^? of 사십 (“forty”)