哭泣

Chinese

		to cry; to weep	to sob
simp. and trad. (哭泣)		哭	泣

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kūqì

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨ ㄑㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): huk¹ jap¹

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khok-khip / khàu-khip

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kūqì
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨ ㄑㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kucì
    • Wade–Giles: kʻu¹-chʻi⁴
    • Yale: kū-chì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuchih
    • Palladius: куци (kuci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: huk¹ jap¹
    • Yale: hūk yāp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: huk⁷ jap⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: hug¹ yeb¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊk̚⁵ jɐp̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khok-khip
    • Tâi-lô: khok-khip
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qokqib
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰip̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰip̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰip̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khàu-khip
    • Tâi-lô: khàu-khip
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qao'qib
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰau²¹⁻⁵³ kʰip̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: khuwk khip

Rime
Character	哭	泣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)	緝 (142)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	空谷切	去急切
Baxter	khuwk	khip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuk̚/	/kʰˠiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuk̚/	/kʰᵚip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuk̚/	/kʰiep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəwk̚/	/kʰjip̚/
Li Rong	/kʰuk̚/	/kʰjəp̚/
Wang Li	/kʰuk̚/	/kʰĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuk̚/	/kʰi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ku	qi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	huk1	hap1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʰ]ˤok  k-r̥əp/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋ̊ʰoːɡ  kʰrɯb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	哭	泣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kū	qì
Middle Chinese	‹ khuwk ›	‹ khip ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʰ]ˁok/	/*k-r̥əp/
English	weep	weep
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	哭	泣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	16031	7877
Phonetic component	獄	立
Rime group	屋	緝
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	哭
Old Chinese	/*ŋ̊ʰoːɡ/	/*kʰrɯb/
Notes	說文獄省聲

Verb

哭泣

1. to cry

Synonyms

edit

• 咧咧 (liēlie) (dialectal, of a child)
• 哭 (kū)
• 哭訴／哭诉 (kūsù) (to recount tearfully)
• 哭鼻子 (kū bízi) (chiefly Mandarin, colloquial, often humorous)
• 啜氣／啜气 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 啜泣 (chuòqì)
• 啼 (tí) (literary, or in compounds)
• 啼哭 (tíkū) (to cry loudly)
• 嗆／呛 (Hokkien)
• 嗚咽／呜咽 (wūyè)
• 大哭 (dàkū) (to weep loudly)
• 忽喇 (hueh⁴ ci¹) (Jin)
• 抽咽 (chōuyè)
• 抽噎 (chōuyē)
• 抽搭 (chōuda) (colloquial)
• 抽泣 (chōuqì)
• 泣 (literary, or in compounds)
• 流淚／流泪 (liúlèi) (to shed tears)
• 流眼淚／流眼泪 (liú yǎnlèi) (to shed tears)
• 痛哭 (tòngkū) (to cry bitterly)
• 號哭／号哭 (háokū) (to wail)
• 號啕／号啕 (háotáo) (to cry loudly)
• 飲泣／饮泣 (yǐnqì) (literary, to weep in silence)

 

Dialectal synonyms of 哭 (“to cry; to weep”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		泣, 哭
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		哭, 哭泣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	哭
	Taiwan	哭
	Harbin	哭, 哭鼻子 humorous
	Malaysia	哭
	Singapore	哭
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	哭
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	哭
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	哭
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	哭
	Wanrong	哭
	Xi'an	哭
	Xining	哭
	Xuzhou	哭
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	哭
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	哭, 哭鼻子
	Lanzhou	哭
	Ürümqi	哭
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	哭
	Wuhan	哭
	Guiyang	哭
	Guilin	哭
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	哭, 哭鼻子 humorous
	Yangzhou	哭
	Hefei	哭
Cantonese	Guangzhou	喊
	Hong Kong	喊
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	哭
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	哭
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	哭
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	哭
	Macau	喊
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	喊
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	叫
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	哭
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	哭
	Foshan	喊
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	喊
	Foshan (Shunde)	喊
	Foshan (Sanshui)	喊
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	喊
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	喊
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	哭
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	哭
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	哭
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	哭
	Taishan	哭
	Kaiping (Chikan)	哭
	Enping (Niujiang)	哭
	Heshan (Yayao)	哭
	Dongguan	哭
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	哭, 喊
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	哭
	Yangjiang	哭
	Nanning	哭
	Beihai	哭
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	哭
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	哭
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	哭
	Danzhou	哭
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	喊
	Penang (Guangfu)	喊
	Singapore (Guangfu)	喊
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	喊
	Móng Cái	哭
Gan	Nanchang	哭, 叫
	Lichuan	啼
	Pingxiang	哭
Hakka	Meixian	叫, 叫眵, 叫嘴
	Xingning	叫
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	哭
	Huiyang	叫
	Huidong (Daling)	叫
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	叫
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	叫
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	叫
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	叫
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	叫
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	叫, 叫嘴
	Wuhua (Changbu)	叫, 叫嘴
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	叫, 叫嘴
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	哭
	Wengyuan	叫
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	叫嘴
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	叫
	Liannan	叫
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	叫
	Jiexi	叫
	Luhe	叫
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	唩
	Changting	唩
	Wuping	叫嘴
	Wuping (Yanqian)	唩
	Wuping (Pingyu)	叫
	Liancheng	唩
	Ninghua	唩
	Yudu	叫
	Ningdu	唩
	Ruijin	叫
	Shicheng	唩
	Shangyou (Shexi)	叫
	Tonggu (Sandu)	叫嘴
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	叫
	Dayu	叫
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	叫, 叫眵
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	叫, 叫眵
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	叫, 叫眵
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	叫, 叫眵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	唩, 唩眵
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	唩
	Hong Kong	叫
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	叫
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	叫
	Xinyi (Sihe)	叫
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	叫
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	叫, 喊
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	叫
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	叫
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	叫
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	叫
	Mengshan (Xihe)	叫
	Luchuan	叫
	Sabah (Bao'an)	叫
	Sabah (Longchuan)	叫, 叫嘴
	Senai (Huiyang)	叫
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	叫
	Singkawang	叫
Huizhou	Jixi	嚎
Jin	Taiyuan	哭
	Xinzhou	哭
Northern Min	Jian'ou	啼
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	啼
	Songxi	啼
	Zhenghe	啼
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	啼
	Jianyang	啼
	Wuyishan	啼
	Pucheng (Shibei)	啼
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	啼, 啼嘛
	Fuzhou (Changle)	啼
	Fuqing	啼
	Yongtai	啼
	Gutian	啼
	Fu'an	嚎
	Ningde	嚎
	Shouning	嚎
	Zhouning	嚎
	Fuding	啼, 哭
	Matsu	啼, 啼嘛
Southern Min	Xiamen	吼, 哭
	Quanzhou	吼, 哭
	Yongchun	吼
	Zhangzhou	吼, 哭
	Taipei	吼, 哭
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	吼, 哭
	Kaohsiung	吼, 哭
	Yilan	吼, 哭
	Changhua (Lukang)	吼, 哭
	Taichung	哭, 吼
	Taichung (Wuqi)	哭
	Tainan	吼, 哭
	Taitung	吼
	Hsinchu	哭, 吼
	Kinmen	吼
	Penghu (Magong)	哭, 吼
	Penang (Hokkien)	吼
	Singapore (Hokkien)	哭, 吼
	Manila (Hokkien)	吼, 哭
	Longyan	啼
	Zhangping	啼
	Datian	哭
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	吼
	Chaozhou	哭
	Raoping	哭
	Shantou	哭
	Jieyang	哭
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	哭
	Singapore (Teochew)	哭
	Leizhou	哭
	Wenchang	哭
	Haikou	啼
	Singapore (Hainanese)	哭
Puxian Min	Putian	吼
	Xianyou	吼
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	哭
	Binyang	哭
Shehua	Fu'an	叫
	Fuding	叫
	Luoyuan	叫
	Sanming	叫
	Shunchang	叫
	Hua'an	叫
	Guixi (Zhangping)	叫
	Cangnan	叫
	Jingning (Hexi)	叫
	Lishui	叫
	Longyou	叫
	Chaozhou	叫
	Fengshun	叫
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	啼
	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	啼
Wu	Shanghai	哭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	哭
	Suzhou	哭
	Wuxi	哭
	Danyang	哭
	Hangzhou	哭
	Ningbo	哭
	Wenzhou	哭
	Jinhua	哭
Xiang	Changsha	哭
	Loudi	哭
	Shuangfeng	哭
	Quanzhou	哭