切磋

Chinese

		close to; to cut; to slice	deliberate; to polish
trad. (切磋)		切	磋
simp. #(切磋)		切	磋
alternative forms		切瑳

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiēcuō

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄝ ㄘㄨㄛ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cit³ co¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiat-chho

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiēcuō
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝ ㄘㄨㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciecuo
    • Wade–Giles: chʻieh¹-tsʻo¹
    • Yale: chyē-tswō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chietsuo
    • Palladius: цецо (ceco)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cit³ co¹
    • Yale: chit chō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsit⁸ tso¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qid³ co¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːt̚³ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiat-chho
    • Tâi-lô: tshiat-tsho
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiatzhoy
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰo⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰo³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰo⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰo⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰɤ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tshet tsha|tshwaH

Rime
Character	切	磋	磋
Reading #	2/2	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	清 (14)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	屑 (87)	歌 (94)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	I	I
Fanqie	千結切	七何切	七過切
Baxter	tshet	tsha	tshwaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰet̚/	/t͡sʰɑ/	/t͡sʰuɑH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰet̚/	/t͡sʰɑ/	/t͡sʰuɑH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛt̚/	/t͡sʰɑ/	/t͡sʰuɑH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛt̚/	/t͡sʰa/	/t͡sʰwaH/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰet̚/	/t͡sʰɑ/	/t͡sʰuɑH/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰiet̚/	/t͡sʰɑ/	/t͡sʰuɑH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰiet̚/	/t͡sʰɑ/	/t͡sʰuɑH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qie	cuō	cuò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cit3	co1	co3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤi[t]  [tsʰ]ˤaj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːd  sʰlaːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	切	磋
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiè	cuō
Middle Chinese	‹ tshet ›	‹ tsha ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁi[t]/	/*[tsʰ]ˁaj/
English	cut; urgent	file, polish (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	切	磋
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	9908	18011
Phonetic component	七	左
Rime group	質	歌
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime		蹉
Old Chinese	/*sn̥ʰiːd/	/*sʰlaːl/

Verb

切磋

1. (literally) to cut and polish (stones, bones, horns)
2. (figuratively) to compare notes; to learn (skills) from each other

Derived terms

• 切磋琢磨 (qiēcuōzhuómó)