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หลวง

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Thai

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Etymology

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From Proto-Tai *ʰluəŋᴬ (“big”).[1]

Cognate with Northern Thai ᩉᩖ᩠ᩅᨦ, Lao ຫຼວງ (lūang), Lü ᦷᦜᧂ (l̇ong), Shan လူင် (lǔung), Ahom 𑜎𑜤𑜂𑜫 (luṅ), Zhuang hung and lueng (dialectal), Nong Zhuang long.

Also cognate with Modern Khmer ហ្លួង (luəng).

Compare Proto-Hlai *C-luŋ (“big”).

Pronunciation

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Orthographicหลวง
h l w ŋ
Phonemic
หฺลวง
h ̥ l w ŋ
RomanizationPaiboonlǔuang
Royal Instituteluang
(standard) IPA(key)/lua̯ŋ˩˩˦/(R)

Adjective

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หลวง • (lǔuang)

  1. chief; leading; major; principal.
  2. great; large.
  3. heavy; weighty; ponderous.
  4. important; significant.
  5. severe; serious; crucial.
  6. governmental; state; public.
  7. royal; imperial.

Noun

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หลวง • (lǔuang)

  1. (historical) the Thai noble rank above ขุน (kǔn) and below พระ (prá); holder of this rank.
  2. (colloquial, now often in combination) a term of address to or honorific for a priest or religious image.
  3. (colloquial) Clipping of เมียหลวง (miia-lǔuang).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Khmer: ហ្លួង (luəng)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai‎[1], Cornell University PhD dissertation, page 343
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