आप्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• আপ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬧ᭄ (Balinese script)
• আপ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰢𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀧𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• အာပ် (Burmese script)
• આપ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਆਪ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌪𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦥ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂣𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಪ್ (Kannada script)
• អាប៑ (Khmer script)
• ອາປ຺ (Lao script)
• ആപ് (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢒ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘢𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᢒ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑧂𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐥𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଆପ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢃꢦ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆥𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖢𑖿 (Siddham script)
• ආප් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩰 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚞𑚶 (Takri script)
• ஆப் (Tamil script)
• ఆప్ (Telugu script)
• อาปฺ (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་པ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒣𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨞𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-

Sanskrit आप् (āp)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hap-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“to take, seize”); compare perhaps Hittite 𒂊𒅁𒍣 (e-ep-zi /⁠ʔéptsi⁠/, “seizes”), 𒉺𒀀𒄿 (pa-a-i /⁠pāi⁠/, “gives, hands over, pays”), as well as Latin apīscor (“I try to seize”) and co-epī (“I have started, undertaken”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑːp/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɑːp/

Root

आप् • (āp)

1. to reach, meet, overtake
2. to obtain, take possession
3. to undergo, suffer
4. to enter, pervade

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root आप् (0 c, 5 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root आप् (9 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• आप्नोति (āpnóti, Present)
• आप्स्यति (āpsyáti, Future)
• आप्ता (āptā́, Periphrastic Future)
• आपत् (ā́pat, Aorist)
• आप (ā́pa, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• आप्यते (āpyáte, Passive)
• आपि (ā́pi, Passive)
• आपयति (āpáyati, Causative)
• ईप्सति (īpsati, Desiderative)

Non-Finite Forms

• आप्त (āptá, Past Participle)
• आप्तुम् (ā́ptum, Infinitive)
• आप्त्वा (āptvā́, Gerund)

Derived Nominal Forms

• आप्ति (āptí, “reaching, meeting”)
• समाप्त (samāpta)

Prefixed Root Forms

• समाप् (samāp)

Descendants

Pali: ap

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “आप्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0142.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 0+
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “आप्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 167
• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 270