ܚܒܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܚ ܒ ܠ (ḥ b l)
1 term

From Proto-Semitic *ḥabl-.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xawlaː]
• (Barwari) IPA^(key): [xawla], [ħawla]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [xoːla]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [xoːlaː]

Noun

ܚܲܒ݂ܠܵܐ • (ḥaḇlā) m sg (plural ܚܲܒ݂̈ܠܹܐ (ḥaḇlē))

1. rope, cord
2. (measure) 5 meters, 5 square meters

Derived terms

• ܚܲܒ݂ܠܬܵܐ (ḥaḇltā, “small piece of rope; short rope”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ḥabl-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħavlɑ] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħavle] (in the plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥaḇlā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥaḇlē))

1. rope, cord

   Synonym: ܡܢܬܐ

2. line, row, series
3. noose
4. snare, trap
5. measuring rope
6. (by extension) portion, allotment; lot, tract of land
7. space, area, zone, district, region
8. troop, band
9. flame

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• →⇒ Old Armenian: հաղբք (hałbkʻ), խաղբք (xałbkʻ)
  • Armenian: խախբՙ (xaxbʻ), խաբՙ (xabʻ) (dialectal), հաղբ (haġb) (learned)

Etymology 2

From the root ܚ-ܒ-ܠ (ḥ-b-l) related to giving birth. Compare Arabic حَبَل (ḥabal) and Hebrew חֵבֶל (ḥḗḇel).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħɛvlɑ] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħɛvle] (in the plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥeḇlā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥeḇlē))

1. travail, pang, pain (from childbirth)
2. throe

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

From the root ܚ-ܒ-ܠ (ḥ-b-l) related to perishing. Compare Arabic خَبَال (ḵabāl) and Hebrew חִבּוּל (ḥibbûl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)vɑlɑ] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)vɑle] (in the plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥəḇālā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥəḇālē))

1. damage, destruction
2. desolation
3. injury, hurt, harm
4. corruption
5. adultery

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 4

From the root ܚ-ܒ-ܠ (ḥ-b-l) related to perishing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħabbɑlɑ] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħabbɑle] (in the plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥabbālā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥabbālē), singular feminine counterpart ܚܒܠܬܐ (ḥabbāltā))

1. destroyer, corrupter
2. avenger

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ḥbl²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ḥblyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ḥbl³”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ḥbl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 94a, b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 124a–b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 407b–408a