مقام

Arabic

Etymology

Noun of place from the verb قَامَ (qāma, “to get up”), from the root ق و م (q w m). Cognate with Hebrew מָקוֹם (māqōm) and Phoenician 𐤌𐤒𐤌 (mqm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.qaːm/
  • (Gulf) IPA^(key): /məˈqaːm/
• Rhymes: -aːm

Noun

مَقَام • (maqām) m (plural مَقَامَات (maqāmāt))

1. verbal noun of قَامَ (qāma) (form I)
2. place, spot

   Synonym: مَكان (makān)

3. situation
4. domicile
5. burial place

   Synonyms: مَرْقَد (marqad), ضَرِيح (ḍarīḥ), مَشْهَد (mašhad), حَرَم (ḥaram), مَزار (mazār)

6. (Levantine) shrine, holy burial place associated with a religious figure
7. staying, halting, sojourn, dwelling
   • 17th century, al-Majlisi, quoting بشير بن جذلم [Bašīr ibn Jaḏlam], chapter 45, in بحار الأنوار [Biḥār al-Anwār]‎^[1]:

     يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ لَا مَقَامَ لَكُمْ بِهَا ... قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَأَدْمُعِي مِدْرَارُ

     yā ʔahla yaṯriba lā maqāma lakum bihā ... qutila l-ḥusaynu faʔadmuʕī midrāru

     O people of Yathrib (i.e. Medina) you have no staying in it ... Husayn is killed thus my tears are overflowing

8. standing, station

   Synonym: مَنْزِلَة (manzila)

9. office, rank, dignity
10. esteem, consideration
11. court (of a sovereign)
12. (music) tune, song
13. (music, countable) maqam (Arabic musical scale), tonality, mode, key

Declension

Declension of noun مَقَام (maqām)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مَقَام maqām	الْمَقَام al-maqām	مَقَام maqām
nominative	مَقَامٌ maqāmun	الْمَقَامُ al-maqāmu	مَقَامُ maqāmu
accusative	مَقَامًا maqāman	الْمَقَامَ al-maqāma	مَقَامَ maqāma
genitive	مَقَامٍ maqāmin	الْمَقَامِ al-maqāmi	مَقَامِ maqāmi

Noun

مُقَام • (muqām) m (plural مُقَامَات (muqāmāt))

1. verbal noun of أَقَامَ (ʔaqāma) (form IV)
2. noun of place of أَقَامَ (ʔaqāma): residence

Declension

Declension of noun مُقَام (muqām)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُقَام muqām	الْمُقَام al-muqām	مُقَام muqām
nominative	مُقَامٌ muqāmun	الْمُقَامُ al-muqāmu	مُقَامُ muqāmu
accusative	مُقَامًا muqāman	الْمُقَامَ al-muqāma	مُقَامَ muqāma
genitive	مُقَامٍ muqāmin	الْمُقَامِ al-muqāmi	مُقَامِ muqāmi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُقَامَيْن muqāmayn	الْمُقَامَيْن al-muqāmayn	مُقَامَيْ muqāmay
nominative	مُقَامَانِ muqāmāni	الْمُقَامَانِ al-muqāmāni	مُقَامَا muqāmā
accusative	مُقَامَيْنِ muqāmayni	الْمُقَامَيْنِ al-muqāmayni	مُقَامَيْ muqāmay
genitive	مُقَامَيْنِ muqāmayni	الْمُقَامَيْنِ al-muqāmayni	مُقَامَيْ muqāmay
plural	sound feminine plural
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مُقَامَات muqāmāt	الْمُقَامَات al-muqāmāt	مُقَامَات muqāmāt
nominative	مُقَامَاتٌ muqāmātun	الْمُقَامَاتُ al-muqāmātu	مُقَامَاتُ muqāmātu
accusative	مُقَامَاتٍ muqāmātin	الْمُقَامَاتِ al-muqāmāti	مُقَامَاتِ muqāmāti
genitive	مُقَامَاتٍ muqāmātin	الْمُقَامَاتِ al-muqāmāti	مُقَامَاتِ muqāmāti

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: məqam, muğam
• → Malay: makam / مقام
  • Indonesian: makam
• → Kazakh: мақам (maqam)
• → Classical Persian: مقام (maqām, muqām) (see there for further descendants)

(via plural form مَقَامَات (maqāmāt), مُقَامَات (muqāmāt)):

• → Azerbaijani: məqamat
• → Classical Persian: مقامات (maqāmāt)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: मक़ामात (maqāmāt), मुक़ामात (muqāmāt)

    Urdu: مقامات

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “مقام”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “قام (قوم)”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق و م
8 terms

Etymology

From Arabic مَقَام (maqām).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.ɡaːm/

Noun

مقام • (magām) f (plural مَقامات (magāmāt))

1. standing, rank, status, stature
2. (music, countable) maqam (Arabic musical scale), tonality, mode, key

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَقَام (maqām)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ma.qɑːm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mä.qɑːm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mä.qɑːm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mä.qɑːm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mä.qɔːm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæ.ʁɒːm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mä.qɔm]

Readings
Classical reading?	maqām
Dari reading?	maqām
Iranian reading?	mağâm
Tajik reading?	maqom

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	مَقام
Iranian Persian
Tajik	мақом

مقام • (maqâm or muqâm) (plural مقام‌ها (maqâm-hâ))

1. place, position, dignity, rank, office
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2599:

     در مقامی زهر و در جایی دوا / در مقامی کفر و در جایی روا

     dar maqāmē zahr u dar jāyē dawā / dar maqāmē kufr u dar jāyē rawā

     In one place poison and in one place medicine, in one place infidelity and in one place (it is) approved.

2. residence, dwelling
3. (music) mode, tone

Descendants

• → Assamese: মোকাম (mükam)
• → Middle Bengali: মোকাম (mōkam)
  • Bengali: মোকাম (mōkam)
• → Gujarati: મુકામ (mukām)
• → Old Hindi: मुकांम (mukā̃ma)
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: मुक़ाम (muqām), मक़ाम (maqām)

    Urdu: مقَام

• → Maithili: mokām

  Devanagari script: मोकाम

  Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒽𑒏𑒰𑒧

• → Marathi: मुक्काम (mukkām)
• → Marwari:

  Devanagari script: मुकांन (mukā̃n), मुकांम (mukā̃m)

  Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅒𑅕𑅧𑅧 (muknn), 𑅬𑅒𑅕𑅧𑅬 (muknm)

• → Odia: ମୁକାମ (mukāma)
• → Ottoman Turkish: مقام (makam)

  → Turkish: makam

• → Old Punjabi: ਮੁਕਾਮੁ (mukāmu)
  • Punjabi: muqām

    Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਕ਼ਾਮ

    Shahmukhi script: مُقام

• → Sindhi:

  Arabic script: مُقامُ

  Devanagari script: मुक़ामु

  Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋣𑊺𑋩𑋠𑋗𑋣 (muqāmu)

• → Telugu: మకాము (makāmu)
• → Uyghur: مۇقام (muqam)
  • → Chinese: 木卡姆 (mùkǎmǔ)

References

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “مقام”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim