سبز

See also: سپر, ستر, and شتر

Persian

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:

سبز

Wikipedia ^fa

Alternative forms

سوز (sowz) (dialectal, Kazerun, Bushehr, Borazjan)

Etymology

From Middle Persian spz, sbz (sabz, “green, fresh”), of uncertain origin.

Morgenstierne derives the word from an unattested form [script needed] (*sapači-) and connects it, along with Pashto سابه (sābə́, “vegetables, greens”), to Ancient Greek κῆπος (kêpos, “garden”).^[1]

Henning is skeptical of this, however, and relates the word to Parthian [script needed] (‘spyxt, “radiant, verdant”), deriving both from Proto-Iranian *(H)spar(H)- (“to sprout, bloom, blossom”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to scatter, to jerk”);^[2] compare Latin spargō (“to scatter, strew”), Old Irish arg (“a drop”), Lithuanian sprogti (“a bud, a shoot”), Northern Sami sprygg (“active, brisk”), Old Norse freknur (“speckles”) (whence English freckle), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀 (fra-sparega, “twig, branch, something jerked off of a tree”), Sanskrit पर्जन्य (parjanya, “rain god, rain”).

Cheung does not consider Parthian [script needed] (‘spyxt) to be descended from Proto-Iranian *(H)spar(H)-,^[3] and instead derives it from Proto-Iranian *spaič / *spaiǰ (“to shine; to bloom”), which appears to be an exclusively Iranian root.^[4]

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [saβz]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säbz]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [säbz]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [säbz]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæbz]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [säbz]

Readings
Classical reading^?	saḇz
Dari reading^?	sabz
Iranian reading^?	sabz
Tajik reading^?	sabz


Iranian Persian	سبز
Dari	سبز
Tajik	сабз

Noun

سبز • (sabz) (plural سبزها (sabz-hâ))

green

Adjective

سبز • (sabz)

green

Related terms

سبزه (sabze)
سبزی (sabzi)

Descendants

→ Assamese: সেউজ (xeuz)
→ Baluchi: سبز (sabz)
→ Bengali: সবুজ (śobuj)
→ Hindi: सब्ज़ (sabz)
→ Odia: ସବୁଜ (sabuja)
→ Punjabi: ਸਬਜ਼ (sabaz)
→ Urdu: سبز (sabz)

Colors in Persian · رَنْگ‌هَا (rang-hâ) (layout · text)
سِفید (sefid)	خَاکِسْتَری (xâkestari), توسی (tusi)	سِیَاه (siyâh), مِشْکی (meški)
سُرْخ (sorx), قِرْمِز (ğermez); زِرِشْکی (zereški)	نَارِنْجی (nârenji); قَهْوِه‌ای (ğahve-i), بور (bur)	زَرْد (zard); کِرِم (kerem)
سَبْزِ لیمویی (sabz-e limuyi)	سَبْز (sabz)
آبیِ دَرْیَایی (âbi-ye daryâyi); سَبْزِ دودی (sabz-e dudi), فیروزِه‌ای (firuze-i)	لَاجْوَرْدی (lâjvardi)	آبی (âbi), سُرْمِه‌ای (sorme-i)
بَنَفْش (banafš); نیلی (nili)	سُرْخَابی (sorxâbi); اَرْغَوَانی (arğavâni)	صورَتی (surati)

Colors, Dari Persian

Colors in Persian · رَنْگ‌هَا (rang-hā) (layout · text)
سَفید (safēd)	خَاکِسْتَرِی (xākistarī), فولَادِی (fōlādī)	سِیَاه (siyāh), مُشْکِی (muškī)
سُرْخ (surx); قِرْمِزِی (qirmizī)	نَارَنْجِی (nāranjī); نَسْوَارِی (naswārī), بور (bōr), قَهْوَه‌یِی (qahwa-yī)	زَرْد (zard); کِرِیمِی (kirīmī)
سَبْزِ لِیمُویِی (sabz-i līmūyī)	سَبْز (sabz)	سَبْزِ آبِی (sabz-i ābī)
آبِیِ دَرْیَایِی (ābī-yi daryāyī); سَبْزِ دُودِی (sabz-i dūdī), فیروزَه‌یِی (fērōza-yī)	آسْمَانِی (āsmānī)	آبِی (ābī), آبِیِ تِیرَه (ābī-yi tīra)
بِنَفْش (binafš); نِیلِی (nīlī)	سُرْخَابِی (surxābī); اَرْغَوَانِی (arğawānī), بَانْجَانِی (bānjānī)	گُلَابِی (gulābī)

References

^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) “210 (> sābah > sabz)”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad, page 66
^ Henning, Walter (1947) “Two Manichaen Magical Texts with an Excursus on the Parthian Ending -endeh”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, volume 12, number 1, Cambridge University Press, pages 46-47
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*(H)spar(H)ǰ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 198-199
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*spaič (*spaiǰ)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 350

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (sabz), itself from Middle Persian spz, sbz (sabz, “green, fresh”). Compare Kashmiri سَبٕز (sabụz).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /səbz/

Adjective

سبز • (sabz) (Hindi spelling सब्ज़)

Synonyms

ہرا (harā)

Related terms

سبزی (sabzī)

[1] Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) “210 (> sābah > sabz)”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad, page 66

[2] Henning, Walter (1947) “Two Manichaen Magical Texts with an Excursus on the Parthian Ending -endeh”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, volume 12, number 1, Cambridge University Press, pages 46-47

[3] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*(H)spar(H)ǰ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 198-199

[4] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*spaič (*spaiǰ)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 350

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]