دستور
Appearance
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]دُسْتُور • (dustūr) m (plural دَسَاتِير (dasātīr))
- (law, government) constitution
- rule, guideline
- set of rules
- action rule
- model
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun دُسْتُور (dustūr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دُسْتُور dustūr |
الدُّسْتُور ad-dustūr |
دُسْتُور dustūr |
Nominative | دُسْتُورٌ dustūrun |
الدُّسْتُورُ ad-dustūru |
دُسْتُورُ dustūru |
Accusative | دُسْتُورًا dustūran |
الدُّسْتُورَ ad-dustūra |
دُسْتُورَ dustūra |
Genitive | دُسْتُورٍ dustūrin |
الدُّسْتُورِ ad-dustūri |
دُسْتُورِ dustūri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | دُسْتُورَيْن dustūrayn |
الدُّسْتُورَيْن ad-dustūrayn |
دُسْتُورَيْ dustūray |
Nominative | دُسْتُورَانِ dustūrāni |
الدُّسْتُورَانِ ad-dustūrāni |
دُسْتُورَا dustūrā |
Accusative | دُسْتُورَيْنِ dustūrayni |
الدُّسْتُورَيْنِ ad-dustūrayni |
دُسْتُورَيْ dustūray |
Genitive | دُسْتُورَيْنِ dustūrayni |
الدُّسْتُورَيْنِ ad-dustūrayni |
دُسْتُورَيْ dustūray |
Plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | دَسَاتِير dasātīr |
الدَّسَاتِير ad-dasātīr |
دَسَاتِير dasātīr |
Nominative | دَسَاتِيرُ dasātīru |
الدَّسَاتِيرُ ad-dasātīru |
دَسَاتِيرُ dasātīru |
Accusative | دَسَاتِيرَ dasātīra |
الدَّسَاتِيرَ ad-dasātīra |
دَسَاتِيرَ dasātīra |
Genitive | دَسَاتِيرَ dasātīra |
الدَّسَاتِيرِ ad-dasātīri |
دَسَاتِيرِ dasātīri |
Derived terms
[edit]- دُسْتُورِيّ (dustūriyy, “constitutional”)
Descendants
[edit]Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic دُسْتُور (dustūr, “rule, set of rules”), from Persian دستور (dastur, “command, order”).
Noun
[edit]دستور • (düstur) (definite accusative دستوری (düsturu), plural دستورلر (düsturlar))
- plenipotentiary, a person invested with full powers, especially a minister or a functionary
- (Zoroastrianism) dastur, a Zoroastrian high priest ranking above a mobad or herbad
- permission, authorization, granting, leave, a formal consent from someone in authority
- (law) code, a systematic collection of statutes set forth by a process of codification
Derived terms
[edit]- دستور مكرم (düstur-ı mükerrem, “the Right-Honorable minister”)
- دستوری (düsturî, “rank of a minister of state”)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: düstur
Further reading
[edit]- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “düstur”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1332
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “دستور”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 224a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دستور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 572
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Licentia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 948
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دستور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 2079
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “düstur”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دستور”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 903
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Multiple origins have been proposed:
- From دست (dast, “hand”) and اور (ur, “fist”).
- From Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”) + Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).[1]
- Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), and cognate with Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”) and Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [das.tuːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪æs.t̪ʰuːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | dastūr |
Dari reading? | dastūr |
Iranian reading? | dastur |
Tajik reading? | dastur |
Noun
[edit]Dari | دستور |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | дастур |
دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))
- command, order
- method, manner, procedure, way
- guideline, rule
- permission, leave, authority
- basis, foundation
- model, example, exemplar
- (law, government) constitution
- (archaic) statesman, vizier
- (linguistics) grammar
- (Zoroastrianism) dastur
Derived terms
[edit]- دستوری (dasturi)
Descendants
[edit]- → Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)
- → Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)
- → English: dastur
- → Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)
- → Kurdish:
- → Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)
- Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)
- → Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)
- → Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)
- → Uyghur: دەستۇر (destur)
References
[edit]- ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 328
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 56-7
Further reading
[edit]- “DASTŪR”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York, 1994
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian دَسْتُور (dastūr).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əs.t̪uːɾ/
- Rhymes: -uːɾ
Noun
[edit]Categories:
- Arabic terms borrowed from Persian
- Arabic terms derived from Persian
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Gulf Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- ar:Law
- ar:Government
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Persian
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Persian
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Zoroastrianism
- ota:Law
- ota:Government
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Old Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰes-
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Old Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Law
- fa:Government
- Persian terms with archaic senses
- fa:Linguistics
- fa:Zoroastrianism
- Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰes-
- Urdu terms derived from Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Old Persian
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/uːɾ
- Rhymes:Urdu/uːɾ/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- ur:Zoroastrianism