ես
Appearance
See also: Appendix:Variations of "es"
Armenian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Armenian ես (es).
Alternative forms
[edit]- յես (yes) — 1922–1940 reformed orthography
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /jes/, [jes]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /jes/, [jes]
Audio (Eastern Armenian): (file)
Pronoun
[edit]ես • (es)
- (personal) I
- Ես ունեմ մեծ տուն։ ― Es unem mec tun. ― I have a big house.
Declension
[edit] declension of ես (Eastern Armenian)
See also
[edit]Eastern Armenian personal pronouns
Western Armenian personal pronouns (Traditional orthography)
Noun
[edit]ես • (es)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | ես (es) | եսեր (eser) | ||
dative | եսի (esi) | եսերի (eseri) | ||
ablative | եսից (esicʻ) | եսերից (esericʻ) | ||
instrumental | եսով (esov) | եսերով (eserov) | ||
locative | եսում (esum) | եսերում (eserum) | ||
definite forms | ||||
nominative | եսը/եսն (esə/esn) | եսերը/եսերն (eserə/esern) | ||
dative | եսին (esin) | եսերին (eserin) | ||
1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
nominative | եսս (ess) | եսերս (esers) | ||
dative | եսիս (esis) | եսերիս (eseris) | ||
ablative | եսիցս (esicʻs) | եսերիցս (esericʻs) | ||
instrumental | եսովս (esovs) | եսերովս (eserovs) | ||
locative | եսումս (esums) | եսերումս (eserums) | ||
2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
nominative | եսդ (esd) | եսերդ (eserd) | ||
dative | եսիդ (esid) | եսերիդ (eserid) | ||
ablative | եսիցդ (esicʻd) | եսերիցդ (esericʻd) | ||
instrumental | եսովդ (esovd) | եսերովդ (eserovd) | ||
locative | եսումդ (esumd) | եսերումդ (eserumd) |
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Armenian ես (es).
Alternative forms
[edit]- յես (yes) — 1922–1940 reformed orthography, following a vowel
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /es/, [es], /jes/, [jes] (following a vowel)
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /es/, [es], /jes/, [jes] (following a vowel)
Verb
[edit]ես • (es)
- second-person singular present of եմ (em)
- Դու հայ ես։ ― Du hay es. ― You are Armenian.
- Դու հայ չես։ ― Du hay čʻes. ― You are not an Armenian.
- Դու գիրքը կարդալու ես։ ― Du girkʻə kardalu es. ― You will read the book.
Old Armenian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Pronoun
[edit]ես • (es)
- (personal) I
- ես ինքն ― es inkʻn ― myself
- ահաւասիկ ես ― ahawasik es ― here I am, here am I
- ես եմ ― es em ― it is I
Declension
[edit]pronominal
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ես (es) | մեք (mekʻ) | |
genitive | իմ (im) | մեր (mer) | |
dative | ինձ (inj) | մեզ (mez) | |
accusative | իս (is) | մեզ (mez) | |
ablative | ինէն, ինձէն1 (inēn, injēn1) | մէնջ, մեզէն1, մեզոյն1 (mēnǰ, mezēn1, mezoyn1) | |
instrumental | ինեւ (inew) | մեւք, մեօք = մեաւք (mewkʻ, meōkʻ = meawkʻ) | |
locative | իս (is) | մեզ (mez) | |
an instrumental ինեաւ (ineaw) is also attested; moreover, an ablative իսանէ (isanē) is attested post-classically 1 these secondary ablative forms may be used in an intensifying role: ես ինձէն աչօք տեսի ― es injēn ačʻōkʻ tesi ― I saw with my own eyes |
Descendants
[edit]- Armenian: ես (es)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₁éssi, second-person singular present indicative of *h₁ésti.
Verb
[edit]ես • (es)
- second-person singular present active indicative of եմ (em)
References
[edit]- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ես”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ես”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “ես”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 255
- Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate[1], PhD dissertation, Leiden University, pages 24-25
Categories:
- Armenian terms inherited from Old Armenian
- Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian
- Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Armenian terms with audio pronunciation
- Armenian lemmas
- Armenian pronouns
- Armenian personal pronouns
- Armenian terms with usage examples
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- Old Armenian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Armenian lemmas
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