дым

Bashkir

Etymology

Of unknown origin. Cognate with Tatar дым (dım, “dampness, moisture”), Kazakh дым (dym, “dampness, moisture”), Nogai дым (dım, “dampness, moisture”), Kumyk дым (dım, “damp, moist”), Southern Altai тым (tïm, “silence”), perhaps also Uzbek dim (“stuffy, difficult to breath”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dɯ̞m]
• Hyphenation: дым

Noun

дым • (dım)

1. moistness, dampness; humidity, moisture

Declension

Declension of дым

	singular only
absolute	дым (dım)
definite genitive	дымдың (dımdıñ)
dative	дымға (dımğa)
definite accusative	дымды (dımdı)
locative	дымда (dımda)
ablative	дымдан (dımdan)

Derived terms

• дымлы (dımlı, “damp, wet, moist”)
• дымланыу (dımlanıw, “to become damp, wet, moist”)

Belarusian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *dymъ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dɨm]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

дым • (dym) m inan (genitive ды́му, nominative plural дымы́, genitive plural дымо́ў)

1. smoke

Declension

Declension of дым (inan hard masc-form accent-c)

	singular	plural
nominative	дым dym	дымы́ dymý
genitive	ды́му dýmu	дымо́ў dymóŭ
dative	ды́му dýmu	дыма́м dymám
accusative	дым dym	дымы́ dymý
instrumental	ды́мам dýmam	дыма́мі dymámi
locative	ды́ме dýmje	дыма́х dymáx
count form	—	ды́мы1 dýmy1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “дым” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Carpathian Rusyn

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *dymъ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”).

Noun

дым • (dŷm)

1. smoke

   Іщі ани не встиг вшыток дым підняти ся на Київ

   Išči any ne vstyh všŷtok dŷm pidnjaty sja na Kyjiv

   Not much smoke reached the Kiev

Further reading

• Kercha, Ihor (2012) Словник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. [Russian-Rusyn Dictionary: in 2 vols] (overall work in Russian and Carpathian Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint

Kumyk

Adjective

дым • (dım)

1. wet

   Synonyms: сув (suw), изгъар (izğar), йибиген (yibigen), бавукъ (bawuq)

   Antonym: къуру (quru)

Russian

Alternative forms

• дымъ (dym) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dɨm]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɨm

Noun

дым • (dym) m inan (genitive ды́ма, nominative plural дымы́, genitive plural дымо́в, relational adjective ды́мный or дымово́й, diminutive дымо́к)

1. smoke
2. (historical, obsolete, taxation) taxable household unit in medieval Rus

Declension

Declension of дым (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ды́м dým	дымы́ dymý
genitive	ды́ма dýma	дымо́в dymóv
dative	ды́му dýmu	дыма́м dymám
accusative	ды́м dým	дымы́ dymý
instrumental	ды́мом dýmom	дыма́ми dymámi
prepositional	ды́ме dýme	дыма́х dymáx
partitive	ды́му dýmu
locative	дыму́ dymú

Derived terms

• дыми́ть impf (dymítʹ)
• ды́мка f (dýmka)}
• ды́мный (dýmnyj)
• дымову́ха f (dymovúxa)
• дымо́к m (dymók)}
• дымохо́д m (dymoxód)
• ды́мчатый (dýmčatyj)

Phrases

• дым коромы́слом (dym koromýslom)

Related terms

Borrowed

• парфю́м m (parfjúm), парфюме́р m anim (parfjumér), парфюме́рия f (parfjumérija)
• тимья́н m (timʹján)
• ти́мус m (tímus, “thymus”)
• фумига́тор m (fumigátor), фумига́ция f (fumigácija)

Tatar

Noun

дым • (dım)

1. damp

Related terms

• дымлы
• дымлау
• дымсу