σφάλμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

σφᾰ́λλω (sphắllō, “to fall, to be cast down”) +‎ -μᾰ (-mă, suffix forming neuter nouns)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /spʰál.ma/ → /ˈsɸal.ma/ → /ˈsfal.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /spʰál.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈspʰal.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsɸal.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsfal.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsfal.ma/

Mark the vowel length of the ambiguous vowel ά by adding a macron after it if it is long, or a breve if it is short. By default, Module:grc-pronunciation assumes it is short if unmarked.
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Noun

σφᾰ́λμᾰ • (sphắlmă) n (genitive σφᾰ́λμᾰτος); third declension

1. a trip, a stumble, a false step
2. a fall, a failure, a defeat

   Synonym: σφᾰλμός m (sphălmós)

3. a fault, an error

   Synonym: σφᾰλμός m (sphălmós)

Declension

Third declension of τὸ σφᾰ́λμᾰ; τοῦ σφᾰ́λμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σφᾰ́λμᾰ tò sphắlmă	τὼ σφᾰ́λμᾰτε tṑ sphắlmăte	τᾰ̀ σφᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ tằ sphắlmătă
Genitive	τοῦ σφᾰ́λμᾰτος toû sphắlmătos	τοῖν σφᾰλμᾰ́τοιν toîn sphălmắtoin	τῶν σφᾰλμᾰ́των tôn sphălmắtōn
Dative	τῷ σφᾰ́λμᾰτῐ tôi sphắlmătĭ	τοῖν σφᾰλμᾰ́τοιν toîn sphălmắtoin	τοῖς σφᾰ́λμᾰσῐ / σφᾰ́λμᾰσῐν toîs sphắlmăsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ σφᾰ́λμᾰ tò sphắlmă	τὼ σφᾰ́λμᾰτε tṑ sphắlmăte	τᾰ̀ σφᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ tằ sphắlmătă
Vocative	σφᾰ́λμᾰ sphắlmă	σφᾰ́λμᾰτε sphắlmăte	σφᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ sphắlmătă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• taxonomic name: Sphalma
• Greek: σφάλμα (sfálma)
• → New Latin: sphalma

Further reading

• “σφάλμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σφάλμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

Greek

Etymology

Ancient Greek σφᾰ́λμᾰ (sphắlmă)

Noun

σφάλμα • (sfálma) n (plural σφάλματα)

1. error, mistake

Declension

Declension of σφάλμα

	singular	plural
nominative	σφάλμα (sfálma)	σφάλματα (sfálmata)
genitive	σφάλματος (sfálmatos)	σφαλμάτων (sfalmáton)
accusative	σφάλμα (sfálma)	σφάλματα (sfálmata)
vocative	σφάλμα (sfálma)	σφάλματα (sfálmata)

Synonyms

• λάθος n (láthos)