wiek
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch wieke, from Proto-West Germanic *weukā (“flax bundle, wick”), from Proto-Indo-European *weg- (“to weave”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]wiek f (plural wieken, diminutive wiekje n)
- sail of a windmill or blade on a wind turbine
- propeller of a helicopter or similar aircraft
- (archaic, poetic) wing
- Synonym: vleugel
- (chiefly Southern) wick
Derived terms
[edit]Kashubian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *věkъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]wiek m inan
- age (number of full years, months, days, hours, etc., that someone, or something, has been alive)
- age (stage of life)
- age (particular period of time in history, as distinguished from others)
- age, century (particular one hundred year period, i.e. 18th century etc)
- age (great period in the history of the Earth)
- age (advanced period of life; the latter part of life; the state of being old, old age, senility; seniority)
- Synonym: starota
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Stefan Ramułt (1893) “vjek”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 253
- Jan Trepczyk (1994) “wiek”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volume 2, page 316
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “wiek”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1], volume 2, page 1284
- “wiek”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *věkъ. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]wiek m inan
- (attested in Greater Poland) age (particular period of time in history, as distinguished from others)
- 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski[2], Greater Poland, page 54 arg:
- Na koynczu wyeka zbawyenye lyudzke
- [Na końcu wieka zbawienie ludzkie]
- (in the plural, attested in Silesia) current age (time at which the world exists)
- 1956 [Middle of the 15th century], Jerzy Woronczak, editor, Teksty polskie w rękopisie nr 43 Biblioteki Kapitulnej we Wrocławiu z połowy XV wieku[3], Silesia, page 84v:
- Novissime diebus istis locutus est (sc. deus) in filio, ... per quem fecit et secula [na] weky (Hebr 1, 2)
- [Novissime diebus istis locutus est (sc. Deus) in filio, ... per quem fecit et secula na wieki (Hebr 1, 2)]
- (in the plural, wiekowie, figurative) spirit (world within a person)
- 1880-1894 [15th century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności[4], volume I, page 313:
- Et edificabuntur in te deserta seculorum, gl. id est columpne, muri et tecta spiritualis edificii bądą vstawyony swyathowye albo wyekowye (Is 58, 12)
- [Et edificabuntur in te deserta seculorum, gl. id est columpne, muri et tecta spiritualis edificii będą ustawiony światowie albo wiekowie (Is 58, 12)]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) eternity (time without end)
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][5], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 24, 6:
- Wzpomen miloserdza twoia, gospodne, y slutowana twego, iasz od weka sø (quae a saeculo sunt)
- [Wspomień miłosierdzia twoja, Gospodnie, i slutowania twoja, jaż od wieka są (quae a saeculo sunt)]
- age (number of full years, months, days, hours, etc., that someone, or something, has been alive)
- 1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[6], 20, 12:
- Czczy otcza swego y matkø swø, abi bil dlugego wyeku (longaevus) na szemy
- [Ćci otca swego i matkę swą, aby był długiego wieku (longaevus) na ziemi]
- age (all years of a person's life collectively; end of the world)
- End of the 15th century, Józefa Reczka, Elżbieta Belcarzowa, editors, Glosy z rękopisu, number nr 414/11, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, page 172:
- Hora cene, ut dicit Gregorius, est finis seculi, id est vltima etas vlg. vyek
- [Hora cene, ut dicit Gregorius, est finis seculi, id est vltima etas vlg. wiek]
- generation (single step or stage in the succession of natural descent)
- 1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[7], 15, 16:
- W czwartem potem wyeku (generatione autem quarta) sam szø wroczysz
- [W czwartem potem wieku (generatione autem quarta) sam się wroci[sz]]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) legal status not limited by time
- 1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I[8], Lesser Poland, page 50:
- Ta statuta chczem, aby myali mocz na vieky (perpetuo remaneant ipso facto)
- [Ta statuta chcem, aby miały moc na wieki (perpetuo remaneant ipso facto)]
Derived terms
[edit]- być wszech wieków impf
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “wiek”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “wiek”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “wiek”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish wiek, from Proto-Slavic *věkъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]wiek m inan (abbreviation w.)
- (uncountable) age (number of full years, months, days, hours, etc., that someone, or something, has been alive)
- (countable) age, century (particular one hundred year period, i.e. 18th century etc.)
- (countable) century (any period of one hundred years)
- Synonym: stulecie
- (countable) age (particular period of time in history, as distinguished from others)
- (countable, often in the plural) age (long time)
- (uncountable, obsolete) age (advanced period of life)
- Synonym: starość
- (countable) age (great period in the history of the Earth)
- (uncountable, obsolete) eternity (unending time)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), wiek is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 94 times in scientific texts, 19 times in news, 20 times in essays, 16 times in fiction, and 33 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 182 times, making it the 313th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]wiek n
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- wiek in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- wiek in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “wiek”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Paweł Kupiszewski (12.04.2022) “WIEK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “wiek”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “wiek”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “wiek”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 563
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish wiek.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]wiek m inan
- age (number of full years, months, days, hours, etc., that someone, or something, has been alive)
- age, century (particular one hundred year period, i.e. 18th century etc)
- Synonym: stolecie
- age (particular period of time in history, as distinguished from others)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- wiek in silling.org
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weg-
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ik
- Rhymes:Dutch/ik/1 syllable
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Dutch terms with archaic senses
- Dutch poetic terms
- Southern Dutch
- Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ɛk
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ɛk/1 syllable
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian masculine nouns
- Kashubian inanimate nouns
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish masculine nouns
- Old Polish inanimate nouns
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Silesia Old Polish
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛk
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛk/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish uncountable nouns
- Polish countable nouns
- Polish terms with collocations
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- pl:Time
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɛk
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɛk/1 syllable
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian masculine nouns
- Silesian inanimate nouns