voida
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *voidak, from Proto-Uralic *woje-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]voida
- (auxiliary + first infinitive) can, to be able to, to be capable
- (auxiliary + first infinitive) can, may, might, to be possible
- Synonym: saattaa
- Teline voi kaatua.
- The stand/rack may fall over.
- (auxiliary + first infinitive, in the conditional mood) could
- Voisitko auttaa minua?
- Could you please help me?
- Voisin juosta, jos haluaisin.
- I could run if I wanted.
- (auxiliary + first infinitive, see usage notes) may, to be allowed (to), to be permitted (to)
- Synonym: saada
- Voinko avata ikkunan?
- May I open the window?
- (auxiliary + first infinitive) can, to be acceptable, appropriate or justified (to); (with negative) should, must (not)
- Synonym: sopia
- Voiko tälläistä kysyä?
- Can I ask something like this?
- Sen vaikutusta ei voi vähätellä.
- Its effect should not be underestimated.
- Hänen rooliaan perheen hyvinvoinnin edistämisessä ei voi myöskään aliarvioida.
- Neither should her role in improving the family's wellbeing be belittled.
- (intransitive) to be, feel, do, fare (to enquire or talk about wellbeing)
- Kuinka voitte?
- How are you? / How are you doing?
- En voi kovin hyvin.
- I'm not feeling too well.
- (intransitive) can do [with allative ‘about’] (be able to influence)
- Minkä minä sille voin?
- What can I do about it? [What am I supposed to do about it?]
Usage notes
[edit]- Being completely identical to the present forms, the past forms in positive sentences are very often replaced with the respective forms of the verb kyetä or pystyä:
- Voin nauraa. (present positive)
- I can laugh.
- En voinut nauraa. (past negative)
- I could not laugh.
- Voin nauraa. → Kykenin nauramaan. (past positive)
- I could laugh.
- Some may perceive the usage of voida for "may" as incorrect (similarly to can being used for permission) and instead advise to use saada.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of voida (Kotus type 62/voida, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | voin | en voi | 1st sing. | olen voinut | en ole voinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | voit | et voi | 2nd sing. | olet voinut | et ole voinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | voi | ei voi | 3rd sing. | on voinut | ei ole voinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | voimme | emme voi | 1st plur. | olemme voineet | emme ole voineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | voitte | ette voi | 2nd plur. | olette voineet | ette ole voineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | voivat | eivät voi | 3rd plur. | ovat voineet | eivät ole voineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | voidaan | ei voida | passive | on voitu | ei ole voitu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | voin | en voinut | 1st sing. | olin voinut | en ollut voinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | voit | et voinut | 2nd sing. | olit voinut | et ollut voinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | voi | ei voinut | 3rd sing. | oli voinut | ei ollut voinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | voimme | emme voineet | 1st plur. | olimme voineet | emme olleet voineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | voitte | ette voineet | 2nd plur. | olitte voineet | ette olleet voineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | voivat | eivät voineet | 3rd plur. | olivat voineet | eivät olleet voineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | voitiin | ei voitu | passive | oli voitu | ei ollut voitu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | voisin | en voisi | 1st sing. | olisin voinut | en olisi voinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | voisit | et voisi | 2nd sing. | olisit voinut | et olisi voinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | voisi | ei voisi | 3rd sing. | olisi voinut | ei olisi voinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | voisimme | emme voisi | 1st plur. | olisimme voineet | emme olisi voineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | voisitte | ette voisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte voineet | ette olisi voineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | voisivat | eivät voisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat voineet | eivät olisi voineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | voitaisiin | ei voitaisi | passive | olisi voitu | ei olisi voitu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | voi | älä voi | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | voikoon | älköön voiko | 3rd sing. | olkoon voinut | älköön olko voinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | voikaamme | älkäämme voiko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | voikaa | älkää voiko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | voikoot | älkööt voiko | 3rd plur. | olkoot voineet | älkööt olko voineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | voitakoon | älköön voitako | passive | olkoon voitu | älköön olko voitu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | voinen | en voine | 1st sing. | lienen voinut | en liene voinut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | voinet | et voine | 2nd sing. | lienet voinut | et liene voinut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | voinee | ei voine | 3rd sing. | lienee voinut | ei liene voinut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | voinemme | emme voine | 1st plur. | lienemme voineet | emme liene voineet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | voinette | ette voine | 2nd plur. | lienette voineet | ette liene voineet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | voinevat | eivät voine | 3rd plur. | lienevät voineet | eivät liene voineet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | voitaneen | ei voitane | passive | lienee voitu | ei liene voitu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | voida | present | voiva | voitava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | voinut | voitu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | voidessa | voitaessa | agent4 | voima | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | voimaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | voiden | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | voimassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | voimasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | voimaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | voimalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | voimatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | voiman | voitaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | voiminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]nouns
verbs
Further reading
[edit]- “voida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Anagrams
[edit]Franco-Provençal
[edit]Adjective
[edit]voida f sg (Old Dauphinois)
References
[edit]- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*vŏcĭtus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 14: U–Z, page 589
Ludian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *voidak.
Verb
[edit]voida
Veps
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *voidak.
Verb
[edit]voida
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of voida (inflection type 24/voida) | |||
---|---|---|---|
1st infinitive | voida | ||
present indic. | voib | ||
past indic. | voi | ||
present indicative |
past indicative |
imperative | |
1st singular | voin | voin | — |
2nd singular | void | void | voi |
3rd singular | voib | voi | voigha |
1st plural | voim | voim | voigam |
2nd plural | voit | voit | voigat |
3rd plural | voidas voiba |
voiba | voigha |
sing. conneg.1 | voi | voind | voi |
plur. conneg. | voigoi | voinugoi | voigoi |
present conditional |
past conditional |
potential | |
1st singular | voižin | voinuižin | voinen |
2nd singular | voižid | voinuižid | voined |
3rd singular | voiži | voinuiži | voineb |
1st plural | voižim | voinuižim | voinem |
2nd plural | voižit | voinuižit | voinet |
3rd plural | voižiba | voinuižiba | voineba |
connegative | voiži | voinuiži | voine |
non-finite forms | |||
1st infinitive | voida | ||
2nd infinitive | 3rd infinitive | ||
inessive | voides | inessive | voimas |
instructive | voiden | illative | voimha |
participles | elative | voimaspäi | |
present active | voi | adessive | voimal |
past active | voinu | abessive | voimat |
past passive | voidud | ||
1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons. |
References
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/oidɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/oidɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish auxiliary verbs
- Finnish terms with collocations
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish intransitive verbs
- Finnish voida-type verbs
- Franco-Provençal alternative forms
- Old Franco-Provençal
- Old Dauphinois
- Ludian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ludian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ludian lemmas
- Ludian verbs
- Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Veps lemmas
- Veps verbs
- Veps voida-type verbs