vaco

See also: vacò

Catalan

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacar

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈva.ko/
• Rhymes: -ako
• Hyphenation: và‧co

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacare

Anagrams

• cavo, cavò, cova, voca

Latin

Alternative forms

• voco (in mss. of Plautus)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wakos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to lack; empty”). The form in vo- possibly from vocīvus, shifted in pretonic syllable.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯a.koː/, [ˈu̯äkoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈva.ko/, [ˈväːko]

Verb

vacō (present infinitive vacāre, perfect active vacāvī, supine vacātum); first conjugation

1. to be empty, void
2. to be unoccupied, vacant
3. to be idle, at leisure [with dative]

   Synonyms: langueō, dēsideō, iaceō, cessō, resideō, sileō, conquiēscō

   Philosophiae vacat.

   He has leisure for philosophy.

4. to be free to attend, have time, not be under other obligation

Conjugation

   Conjugation of vacō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	vacō		vacās		vacat		vacāmus		vacātis		vacant
	imperfect	vacābam		vacābās		vacābat		vacābāmus		vacābātis		vacābant
	future	vacābō		vacābis		vacābit		vacābimus		vacābitis		vacābunt
	perfect	vacāvī		vacāvistī, vacāstī1		vacāvit, vacāt1		vacāvimus, vacāmus1		vacāvistis, vacāstis1		vacāvēre, vacāvērunt, vacārunt1
	pluperfect	vacāveram, vacāram1		vacāverās, vacārās1		vacāverat, vacārat1		vacāverāmus, vacārāmus1		vacāverātis, vacārātis1		vacāverant, vacārant1
	future perfect	vacāverō, vacārō1		vacāveris, vacāris1		vacāverit, vacārit1		vacāverimus, vacārimus1		vacāveritis, vacāritis1		vacāverint, vacārint1
passive	present	vacor		vacāre, vacāris		vacātur		vacāmur		vacāminī		vacantur
	imperfect	vacābar		vacābāre, vacābāris		vacābātur		vacābāmur		vacābāminī		vacābantur
	future	vacābor		vacābere, vacāberis		vacābitur		vacābimur		vacābiminī		vacābuntur
	perfect	vacātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	vacātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	vacātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	vacem		vacēs		vacet		vacēmus		vacētis		vacent
	imperfect	vacārem		vacārēs		vacāret		vacārēmus		vacārētis		vacārent
	perfect	vacāverim, vacārim1		vacāverīs, vacārīs1		vacāverit, vacārit1		vacāverīmus, vacārīmus1		vacāverītis, vacārītis1		vacāverint, vacārint1
	pluperfect	vacāvissem, vacāssem1		vacāvissēs, vacāssēs1		vacāvisset, vacāsset1		vacāvissēmus, vacāssēmus1		vacāvissētis, vacāssētis1		vacāvissent, vacāssent1
passive	present	vacer		vacēre, vacēris		vacētur		vacēmur		vacēminī		vacentur
	imperfect	vacārer		vacārēre, vacārēris		vacārētur		vacārēmur		vacārēminī		vacārentur
	perfect	vacātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	vacātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		vacā		—		—		vacāte		—
	future	—		vacātō		vacātō		—		vacātōte		vacantō
passive	present	—		vacāre		—		—		vacāminī		—
	future	—		vacātor		vacātor		—		—		vacantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		vacāre			vacārī			vacāns			—
future		vacātūrum esse			vacātum īrī			vacātūrus			vacandus
perfect		vacāvisse, vacāsse1			vacātum esse			—			vacātus
future perfect		—			vacātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		vacātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		vacandī		vacandō		vacandum		vacandō		vacātum		vacātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• supervacāneus
• vacāns
• vacantia
• vocīvus, vacīvus
• Vacūna
• vacuus, vocuus

Related terms

• vacuitās
• vacuō

Descendants

• Aromanian: dizvoc
• ⇒ Romanian: dehoca, devoca; >? desfăca
• Sardinian: bogare, ⇒ debogada
• Sicilian: vacari
• Neapolitan: vacare (Calabrian)
• Italian: vacare
• Occitan: bagà (Gascon)
• ⇒ Occitan: desboucà
• Old French: voiier
• Catalan: vagar
• Galician: vagar
• Portuguese: vagar
• Spanish: vacar
• → English: vacate
• → Esperanto: vaki
• → French: vaquer
• → Portuguese: vacar

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “vacō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 649
• Weiss, Michael L. (2009) Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎^[1], Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 141

Further reading

• “vaco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vaco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "vaco", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vaco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be free from business: negotiis vacare
    
  • to be free from blame: culpa carere, vacare
    

Neapolitan

Alternative forms

• vao

Etymology

From the older (and still regionally used) vao, from Latin vādō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvake/, [ˈvɑː.kə]
• Rhymes: -akə

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of jí

References

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 822: “vo a comprare” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀯𑀘𑁄 (Brahmi script)
• वचो (Devanagari script)
• ৰচো (Bengali script)
• වචො (Sinhalese script)
• ဝစော or ဝၸေႃ (Burmese script)
• วโจ or วะโจ (Thai script)
• ᩅᨧᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ວໂຈ or ວະໂຈ (Lao script)
• វចោ (Khmer script)
• 𑅇𑄌𑄮 (Chakma script)

Noun

vaco

1. nominative/vocative/accusative singular of vacas (“speech”)

Portuguese

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacar

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbako/ [ˈba.ko]
• Rhymes: -ako
• Syllabification: va‧co

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin vacuus.

Adjective

vaco (feminine vaca, masculine plural vacos, feminine plural vacas)

1. (formal) vacant; blank

Derived terms

• pájaro vaco

Etymology 2

Masculine variant of vaca (“cow”).

Noun

vaco m (plural vacos)

1. (colloquial) bull

Etymology 3

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacar

Further reading

• “vaco”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10