travestir

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian travestire.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʁa.vɛs.tiʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

travestir

1. (transitive) to disguise
2. (reflexive) to dress up (especially in clothes of the opposite sex)
3. (transitive, derogatory) to travesty (to make a travesty of), distort

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of travestir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	travestir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	travestissant /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		travesti /tʁa.vɛs.ti/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	travestis /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	travestis /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	travestit /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	travestissons /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sɔ̃/	travestissez /tʁa.vɛs.ti.se/	travestissent /tʁa.vɛs.tis/
	imperfect	travestissais /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sɛ/	travestissais /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sɛ/	travestissait /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sɛ/	travestissions /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sjɔ̃/	travestissiez /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sje/	travestissaient /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sɛ/
	past historic2	travestis /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	travestis /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	travestit /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	travestîmes /tʁa.vɛs.tim/	travestîtes /tʁa.vɛs.tit/	travestirent /tʁa.vɛs.tiʁ/
	future	travestirai /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁe/	travestiras /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁa/	travestira /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁa/	travestirons /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁɔ̃/	travestirez /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁe/	travestiront /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	travestirais /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁɛ/	travestirais /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁɛ/	travestirait /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁɛ/	travestirions /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁjɔ̃/	travestiriez /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁje/	travestiraient /tʁa.vɛs.ti.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	travestisse /tʁa.vɛs.tis/	travestisses /tʁa.vɛs.tis/	travestisse /tʁa.vɛs.tis/	travestissions /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sjɔ̃/	travestissiez /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sje/	travestissent /tʁa.vɛs.tis/
	imperfect2	travestisse /tʁa.vɛs.tis/	travestisses /tʁa.vɛs.tis/	travestît /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	travestissions /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sjɔ̃/	travestissiez /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sje/	travestissent /tʁa.vɛs.tis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	travestis /tʁa.vɛs.ti/	—	travestissons /tʁa.vɛs.ti.sɔ̃/	travestissez /tʁa.vɛs.ti.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “travestir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

From French travestir.

Verb

travestir (first-person singular present travisto, third-person singular present traviste, first-person singular preterite travestín, past participle travestido)
travestir (first-person singular present travisto, third-person singular present traveste, first-person singular preterite travestim or travesti, past participle travestido, reintegrationist norm)

1. to dress up in drag (as members of the opposite sex)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of travestir (e becomes i when stressed)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	travestir
Personal	travestir	travestires	travestir	travestirmos	travestirdes	travestiren
Gerund
	travestindo
Past participle
Masculine	travestido			travestidos
Feminine	travestida			travestidas
Indicative
Present	travisto	travistes	traviste	travestimos	travestides	travisten
Imperfect	travestía	travestías	travestía	travestiamos	travestiades	travestían
Preterite	travestín	travestiches	travestiu	travestimos	travestistes	travestiron
Pluperfect	travestira	travestiras	travestira	travestiramos	travestirades	travestiran
Future	travestirei	travestirás	travestirá	travestiremos	travestiredes	travestirán
Conditional	travestiría	travestirías	travestiría	travestiriamos	travestiriades	travestirían
Subjunctive
Present	travista	travistas	travista	travistamos	travistades	travistan
Imperfect	travestise	travestises	travestise	travestísemos	travestísedes	travestisen
Future	travestir	travestires	travestir	travestirmos	travestirdes	travestiren
Imperative
Affirmative		traviste	travista	travistamos	travestide	travistan
Negative (non)		non travistas	non travista	non travistamos	non travistades	non travistan

    Reintegrated conjugation of travestir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	travestir
Personal	travestir	travestires	travestir	travestirmos	travestirdes	travestirem
Gerund
	travestindo
Past participle
Masculine	travestido			travestidos
Feminine	travestida			travestidas
Indicative
Present	travisto	travestes	traveste	travestimos	travestides, travestis	travestem
Imperfect	travestia	travestias	travestia	travestíamos	travestíades, travestíeis, travestíais1	travestiam
Preterite	travestim, travesti	travestiste, travestiche1	travestiu	travestimos	travestistes	travestírom, travestiram
Pluperfect	travestira	travestiras	travestira	travestíramos	travestírades, travestíreis, travestírais1	travestiram
Future	travestirei	travestirás	travestirá	travestiremos	travestiredes, travestireis	travestirám, travestirão
Conditional	travestiria	travestirias	travestiria	travestiríamos	travestiríades, travestiríeis, travestiríais1	travestiriam
Subjunctive
Present	travista	travistas	travista	travistamos	travistades, travistais	travistam
Imperfect	travestisse	travestisses	travestisse	travestíssemos	travestíssedes, travestísseis	travestissem
Future	travestir	travestires	travestir	travestirmos	travestirdes	travestirem
Imperative
Affirmative		traveste	travista	travistamos	travestide, travesti	travistam
Negative (nom)		nom travistas	nom travista	nom travistamos	nom travistades, nom travistais	nom travistam

¹Less recommended.

Further reading

• “travestir”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• “travestir” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Portuguese

Etymology

From French travestir.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾa.vesˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [tɾa.vesˈt͡ʃi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾa.vesˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [tɾa.vesˈt͡ʃi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /tɾa.vesˈt͡ʃi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /tɾa.veʃˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [tɾa.veʃˈt͡ʃi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾa.vesˈt͡ʃi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ.vɨʃˈtiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ.vɨʃˈtiɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ.bɨʃˈtiɾ/ [tɾɐ.βɨʃˈtiɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐ.vɨʃˈti.ɾi/

• Homophone: travesti (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: tra‧ves‧ti

Verb

travestir (first-person singular present travisto, third-person singular present traveste, first-person singular preterite travesti, past participle travestido)

1. to dress up in drag (as members of the opposite sex)
2. to disguise, masquerade

Conjugation

    Conjugation of travestir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	travestir
Personal	travestir	travestires	travestir	travestirmos	travestirdes	travestirem
Gerund
	travestindo
Past participle
Masculine	travestido			travestidos
Feminine	travestida			travestidas
Indicative
Present	travisto	travestes	traveste	travestimos	travestis	travestem
Imperfect	travestia	travestias	travestia	travestíamos	travestíeis	travestiam
Preterite	travesti	travestiste	travestiu	travestimos	travestistes	travestiram
Pluperfect	travestira	travestiras	travestira	travestíramos	travestíreis	travestiram
Future	travestirei	travestirás	travestirá	travestiremos	travestireis	travestirão
Conditional	travestiria	travestirias	travestiria	travestiríamos	travestiríeis	travestiriam
Subjunctive
Present	travista	travistas	travista	travistamos	travistais	travistam
Imperfect	travestisse	travestisses	travestisse	travestíssemos	travestísseis	travestissem
Future	travestir	travestires	travestir	travestirmos	travestirdes	travestirem
Imperative
Affirmative		traveste	travista	travistamos	travesti	travistam
Negative (não)		não travistas	não travista	não travistamos	não travistais	não travistam

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from French travestir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɾabesˈtiɾ/ [t̪ɾa.β̞esˈt̪iɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: tra‧ves‧tir

Verb

travestir (first-person singular present travisto, first-person singular preterite travestí, past participle travestido)

1. to dress up in drag (as members of the opposite sex)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of travestir (e-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			travestir
gerund			travistiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		travestido		travestida
		plural		travestidos		travestidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	travisto	travistestú travestísvos	traviste	travestimos	travestís	travisten
	imperfect	travestía	travestías	travestía	travestíamos	travestíais	travestían
	preterite	travestí	travestiste	travistió	travestimos	travestisteis	travistieron
	future	travestiré	travestirás	travestirá	travestiremos	travestiréis	travestirán
	conditional	travestiría	travestirías	travestiría	travestiríamos	travestiríais	travestirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	travista	travistastú travistásvos2	travista	travistamos	travistáis	travistan
	imperfect (ra)	travistiera	travistieras	travistiera	travistiéramos	travistierais	travistieran
	imperfect (se)	travistiese	travistieses	travistiese	travistiésemos	travistieseis	travistiesen
	future1	travistiere	travistieres	travistiere	travistiéremos	travistiereis	travistieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		travistetú travestívos	travista	travistamos	travestid	travistan
	negative		no travistas	no travista	no travistamos	no travistáis	no travistan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of travestir (e-i alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive travestir	dative	travestirme	travestirte	travestirle, travestirse	travestirnos	travestiros	travestirles, travestirse
	accusative	travestirme	travestirte	travestirlo, travestirla, travestirse	travestirnos	travestiros	travestirlos, travestirlas, travestirse
with gerund travistiendo	dative	travistiéndome	travistiéndote	travistiéndole, travistiéndose	travistiéndonos	travistiéndoos	travistiéndoles, travistiéndose
	accusative	travistiéndome	travistiéndote	travistiéndolo, travistiéndola, travistiéndose	travistiéndonos	travistiéndoos	travistiéndolos, travistiéndolas, travistiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative traviste	dative	travísteme	travístete	travístele	travístenos	not used	travísteles
	accusative	travísteme	travístete	travístelo, travístela	travístenos	not used	travístelos, travístelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative travestí	dative	travestime	travestite	travestile	travestinos	not used	travestiles
	accusative	travestime	travestite	travestilo, travestila	travestinos	not used	travestilos, travestilas
with formal second-person singular imperative travista	dative	travístame	not used	travístale, travístase	travístanos	not used	travístales
	accusative	travístame	not used	travístalo, travístala, travístase	travístanos	not used	travístalos, travístalas
with first-person plural imperative travistamos	dative	not used	travistámoste	travistámosle	travistámonos	travistámoos	travistámosles
	accusative	not used	travistámoste	travistámoslo, travistámosla	travistámonos	travistámoos	travistámoslos, travistámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative travestid	dative	travestidme	not used	travestidle	travestidnos	travestíos	travestidles
	accusative	travestidme	not used	travestidlo, travestidla	travestidnos	travestíos	travestidlos, travestidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative travistan	dative	travístanme	not used	travístanle	travístannos	not used	travístanles, travístanse
	accusative	travístanme	not used	travístanlo, travístanla	travístannos	not used	travístanlos, travístanlas, travístanse

Further reading

• “travestir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10