sprengja

Icelandic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈspreiɲca/

  Rhymes: -eiɲca

Noun

sprengja f (genitive singular sprengju, nominative plural sprengjur)

1. a bomb

   Leggðu sprengjuna frá þér!

   Put the bomb down!

   Passaðu þig á sprengjunni.

   Look out for the bomb.

Declension

Declension of sprengja (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sprengja	sprengjan	sprengjur	sprengjurnar
accusative	sprengju	sprengjuna	sprengjur	sprengjurnar
dative	sprengju	sprengjunni	sprengjum	sprengjunum
genitive	sprengju	sprengjunnar	sprengja, sprengna	sprengjanna, sprengnanna

Derived terms

• atómsprengja
• kjarnasprengja
• varpa sprengjum á

Etymology 2

From Old Norse sprengja, from Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną.

Verb

sprengja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative sprengdi, supine sprengt)

1. (transitive) to blow up (cause to explode)
2. (transitive) to detonate (a bomb)
   • Þetta tæki á að sprengja sprengjuna.

     This machine is supposed to detonate the bomb.

3. (transitive) to burst, to pop
   • Hann sprengdi blöðruna.

     He popped the balloon.

4. to backfire (of a car etc.)

Conjugation

sprengja — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að sprengja
supine (sagnbót)		sprengt
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		sprengjandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég sprengi	við sprengjum	present (nútíð)	ég sprengi	við sprengjum
	þú sprengir	þið sprengið		þú sprengir	þið sprengið
	hann, hún, það sprengir	þeir, þær, þau sprengja		hann, hún, það sprengi	þeir, þær, þau sprengi
past (þátíð)	ég sprengdi	við sprengdum	past (þátíð)	ég sprengdi	við sprengdum
	þú sprengdir	þið sprengduð		þú sprengdir	þið sprengduð
	hann, hún, það sprengdi	þeir, þær, þau sprengdu		hann, hún, það sprengdi	þeir, þær, þau sprengdu
imperative (boðháttur)	spreng (þú)	sprengið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	sprengdu	sprengiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

sprengdur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	sprengdur	sprengd	sprengt		sprengdir	sprengdar	sprengd
accusative (þolfall)	sprengdan	sprengda	sprengt		sprengda	sprengdar	sprengd
dative (þágufall)	sprengdum	sprengdri	sprengdu		sprengdum	sprengdum	sprengdum
genitive (eignarfall)	sprengds	sprengdrar	sprengds		sprengdra	sprengdra	sprengdra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	sprengdi	sprengda	sprengda		sprengdu	sprengdu	sprengdu
accusative (þolfall)	sprengda	sprengdu	sprengda		sprengdu	sprengdu	sprengdu
dative (þágufall)	sprengda	sprengdu	sprengda		sprengdu	sprengdu	sprengdu
genitive (eignarfall)	sprengda	sprengdu	sprengda		sprengdu	sprengdu	sprengdu

Synonyms

• (to blow up): sprengja í loft upp
• (to backfire): miskveikja

Related terms

• springa

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• sprengje
• sprenga
• sprenge

Etymology

From Old Norse sprengja, from Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²sprɛnjɑ/

Verb

sprengja (present tense sprengjer, past tense sprengde, past participle sprengt, present participle sprengjande, imperative spreng)

1. to blow up (cause to explode)
2. to break (cause to rupture)
3. to wear out an animal

   Han reid så lenge at han sprengde hesten.

   He rode for so long that he wore out his horse.

4. to use more than planned or anticipated

   Budsjettet er sprengt for lengst.

   We are way over budget.

References

• “sprengja” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.