sondar

Catalan

Etymology

From sonda +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [sunˈda]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [sonˈda]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [sonˈdaɾ]

Verb

sondar (first-person singular present sondo, first-person singular preterite sondí, past participle sondat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/

1. (transitive, nautical) to sound, to take soundings of
2. (transitive, medicine) to insert a probe into
3. (transitive, figurative) to sound out (determine a person's intent or preference)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sondar (first conjugation)

infinitive			sondar
gerund			sondant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		sondat		sondada
		plural		sondats		sondades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	sondo	sondes	sonda	sondem	sondeu	sonden
	imperfect	sondava	sondaves	sondava	sondàvem	sondàveu	sondaven
	future	sondaré	sondaràs	sondarà	sondarem	sondareu	sondaran
	preterite	sondí	sondares	sondà	sondàrem	sondàreu	sondaren
	conditional	sondaria	sondaries	sondaria	sondaríem	sondaríeu	sondarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	sondi	sondis	sondi	sondem	sondeu	sondin
	imperfect	sondés	sondessis	sondés	sondéssim	sondéssiu	sondessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	sonda	sondi	sondem	sondeu	sondin
	negative (no)	—	no sondis	no sondi	no sondem	no sondeu	no sondin

Derived terms

• sondable
• sondatge
• sondejar

Further reading

• “sondar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Ido

Etymology

Borrowing from English sound, French sonder, German sondieren, Italian sondare, Russian зонди́ровать (zondírovatʹ) and Spanish sondear.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔnˈdar/

Verb

sondar (present tense sondas, past tense sondis, future tense sondos, imperative sondez, conditional sondus)

1. (intransitive) to take soundings in
2. (transitive, intransitive, general) to sound: ascertain the depth of, explore the nature of the bottom
3. (transitive, general) to fathom
4. (transitive, figuratively) to try, test
5. (intransitive, medicine) to probe (with a probe), to sound (with a sound)
6. (intransitive, mining) to make a boring

Conjugation

Conjugation of sondar

		present		past		future
infinitive		sondar		sondir		sondor
tense		sondas		sondis		sondos
conditional		sondus		—		—
imperative		sondez		—		—
adjective active participle		sondanta		sondinta		sondonta
adverbial active participle		sondante		sondinte		sondonte
nominal active participle	singular	sondanto		sondinto		sondonto
	plural	sondanti		sondinti		sondonti
adjective passive participle		sondata		sondita		sondota
adverbial passive participle		sondate		sondite		sondote
nominal passive participle	singular	sondato		sondito		sondoto
	plural	sondati		sonditi		sondoti

Derived terms

• sondilo (“soundingn line, soundingn lead; probe; sound”)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

sondar m

1. indefinite plural of sonde

Portuguese

Etymology

From sonda +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /sõˈda(ʁ)/ [sõˈda(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /sõˈda(ʁ)/ [sõˈda(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /sõˈda(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /sõˈda(ʁ)/ [sõˈda(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /sõˈda(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sõˈdaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sõˈdaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /sõˈda.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: son‧dar

Verb

sondar (first-person singular present sondo, first-person singular preterite sondei, past participle sondado)

1. to investigate inconspicuously
2. to probe (to insert a probe into)
3. to fathom (to measure the depth of a body of water)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sondar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	sondar
Personal	sondar	sondares	sondar	sondarmos	sondardes	sondarem
Gerund
	sondando
Past participle
Masculine	sondado			sondados
Feminine	sondada			sondadas
Indicative
Present	sondo	sondas	sonda	sondamos	sondais	sondam
Imperfect	sondava	sondavas	sondava	sondávamos	sondáveis	sondavam
Preterite	sondei	sondaste	sondou	sondamos1, sondámos2	sondastes	sondaram
Pluperfect	sondara	sondaras	sondara	sondáramos	sondáreis	sondaram
Future	sondarei	sondarás	sondará	sondaremos	sondareis	sondarão
Conditional	sondaria	sondarias	sondaria	sondaríamos	sondaríeis	sondariam
Subjunctive
Present	sonde	sondes	sonde	sondemos	sondeis	sondem
Imperfect	sondasse	sondasses	sondasse	sondássemos	sondásseis	sondassem
Future	sondar	sondares	sondar	sondarmos	sondardes	sondarem
Imperative
Affirmative		sonda	sonde	sondemos	sondai	sondem
Negative (não)		não sondes	não sonde	não sondemos	não sondeis	não sondem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• sonda

References

• sondar, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa com Acordo Ortográfico

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from French sonder, from Old French sonder, from sonde (“sounding line”), extracted from Old English sundline (“sounding line”), from sund (“water, sea, swimming, sound (channel)”) from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“swimming; sound”), cognate with English swim. An alternative theory derives it from a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *subundāre, from Latin sub- + undō (“to surge, to swell”), from unda (“wave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sonˈdaɾ/ [sõn̪ˈd̪aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: son‧dar

Verb

sondar (first-person singular present sondo, first-person singular preterite sondé, past participle sondado)

1. to sound (to probe the depth of water with a weighted rope or similar)
2. (transitive) to catheterize

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sondar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			sondar
gerund			sondando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		sondado		sondada
		plural		sondados		sondadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	sondo	sondastú sondásvos	sonda	sondamos	sondáis	sondan
	imperfect	sondaba	sondabas	sondaba	sondábamos	sondabais	sondaban
	preterite	sondé	sondaste	sondó	sondamos	sondasteis	sondaron
	future	sondaré	sondarás	sondará	sondaremos	sondaréis	sondarán
	conditional	sondaría	sondarías	sondaría	sondaríamos	sondaríais	sondarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	sonde	sondestú sondésvos2	sonde	sondemos	sondéis	sonden
	imperfect (ra)	sondara	sondaras	sondara	sondáramos	sondarais	sondaran
	imperfect (se)	sondase	sondases	sondase	sondásemos	sondaseis	sondasen
	future1	sondare	sondares	sondare	sondáremos	sondareis	sondaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		sondatú sondávos	sonde	sondemos	sondad	sonden
	negative		no sondes	no sonde	no sondemos	no sondéis	no sonden

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of sondar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive sondar	dative	sondarme	sondarte	sondarle, sondarse	sondarnos	sondaros	sondarles, sondarse
	accusative	sondarme	sondarte	sondarlo, sondarla, sondarse	sondarnos	sondaros	sondarlos, sondarlas, sondarse
with gerund sondando	dative	sondándome	sondándote	sondándole, sondándose	sondándonos	sondándoos	sondándoles, sondándose
	accusative	sondándome	sondándote	sondándolo, sondándola, sondándose	sondándonos	sondándoos	sondándolos, sondándolas, sondándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sonda	dative	sóndame	sóndate	sóndale	sóndanos	not used	sóndales
	accusative	sóndame	sóndate	sóndalo, sóndala	sóndanos	not used	sóndalos, sóndalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative sondá	dative	sondame	sondate	sondale	sondanos	not used	sondales
	accusative	sondame	sondate	sondalo, sondala	sondanos	not used	sondalos, sondalas
with formal second-person singular imperative sonde	dative	sóndeme	not used	sóndele, sóndese	sóndenos	not used	sóndeles
	accusative	sóndeme	not used	sóndelo, sóndela, sóndese	sóndenos	not used	sóndelos, sóndelas
with first-person plural imperative sondemos	dative	not used	sondémoste	sondémosle	sondémonos	sondémoos	sondémosles
	accusative	not used	sondémoste	sondémoslo, sondémosla	sondémonos	sondémoos	sondémoslos, sondémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative sondad	dative	sondadme	not used	sondadle	sondadnos	sondaos	sondadles
	accusative	sondadme	not used	sondadlo, sondadla	sondadnos	sondaos	sondadlos, sondadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative sonden	dative	sóndenme	not used	sóndenle	sóndennos	not used	sóndenles, sóndense
	accusative	sóndenme	not used	sóndenlo, sóndenla	sóndennos	not used	sóndenlos, sóndenlas, sóndense

Related terms

• sondaje

Further reading

• “sondar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10