ruigama
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate to Finnish ruikuttaa, ultimately onomatopoeia.
Verb
[edit]ruigama (da-infinitive ruiata)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of ruigama (ÕS type 29/hüppama, g-ø gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | ruigan | ei ruiga | 1st sing. | olen ruianud | ei ole ruianud pole ruianud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ruigad | 2nd sing. | oled ruianud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | ruigab | 3rd sing. | on ruianud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | ruigame | 1st plur. | oleme ruianud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | ruigate | 2nd plur. | olete ruianud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | ruigavad | 3rd plur. | on ruianud | ||||||
| impersonal | ruiatakse | ei ruiata | impersonal | on ruiatud | ei ole ruiatud pole ruiatud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | ruigasin | ei ruianud | 1st sing. | olin ruianud | ei olnud ruianud polnud ruianud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ruigasid | 2nd sing. | olid ruianud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | ruigas | 3rd sing. | oli ruianud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | ruigasime | 1st plur. | olime ruianud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | ruigasite | 2nd plur. | olite ruianud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | ruigasid | 3rd plur. | oli ruianud | ||||||
| impersonal | ruiati | ei ruiatud | impersonal | oli ruiatud | ei olnud ruiatud polnud ruiatud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | ruigaksin | ei ruigaks | 1st sing. | ruianuksin oleksin ruianud |
ei ruianuks ei oleks ruianud poleks ruianud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ruigaksid | 2nd sing. | ruianuksid oleksid ruianud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | ruigaks | 3rd sing. | ruianuks oleks ruianud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | ruigaksime | 1st plur. | ruianuksime oleksime ruianud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | ruigaksite | 2nd plur. | ruianuksite oleksite ruianud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | ruigaksid | 3rd plur. | ruianuksid oleksid ruianud | ||||||
| impersonal | ruiataks | ei ruiataks | impersonal | oleks ruiatud | ei oleks ruiatud poleks ruiatud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | ruiga | ära ruiga | 2nd sing. | ole ruianud | ära ole ruianud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | ruiaku | ärgu ruiaku | 3rd sing. | olgu ruianud | ärgu olgu ruianud | ||||
| 1st plur. | ruiakem | ärme ruigame ärme ruiga ärgem ruiakem |
1st plur. | olgem ruianud | ärme oleme ruianud ärme ole ruianud ärgem olgem ruianud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | ruiake | ärge ruiake | 2nd plur. | olge ruianud | ärge olge ruianud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | ruiaku | ärgu ruiaku | 3rd plur. | olgu ruianud | ärgu olgu ruianud | ||||
| impersonal | ruiatagu | ärgu ruiatagu | impersonal | olgu ruiatud | ärgu olgu ruiatud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | ruigavat | ei ruigavat | active | olevat ruianud | ei olevat ruianud polevat ruianud | ||||
| passive | ruiatavat | ei ruiatavat | passive | olevat ruiatud | ei olevat ruiatud polevat ruiatud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | ruigama | ruiatama | nominative | ruiata | olla ruianud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | ruiates | olles ruianud | |||||
| inessive | ruigamas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | ruigamast | present | ruigav | ruiatav | |||||
| translative | ruigamaks | past | ruianud | ruiatud | |||||
| abessive | ruigamata | negative | ruigamatu | — | |||||