pakkain
Appearance
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *pakkainën. Cognates include Finnish pakkanen and Estonian pakane.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpɑkːɑi̯ne/, [ˈpɑkːəi̯n]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpɑkːɑi̯n/, [ˈpɑkːɑi̯n]
- Rhymes: -ɑkːɑi̯n
- Hyphenation: pak‧kain
Noun
[edit]pakkain
- frost
- 1936, V. I. Junus, P. L. Maksimov, Inkeroisin keelen oppikirja alkuşkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
- Pakkain paukkaa.
Päivä ei näy.- The frost bangs.
The sun isn't visible.
- The frost bangs.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 10:
- Kattoi [talvi] pellot ja metsät, saattaa pakkaisen pakkaisen jälest.
- [Winter] covered the fields and the forests, it sends frost after frost.
Declension
[edit]Declension of pakkain (type 1/kärpäin, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | pakkain | pakkaiset |
genitive | pakkaisen | pakkaisiin |
partitive | pakkaista, pakkaist | pakkaisia |
illative | pakkaisee | pakkaisii |
inessive | pakkaisees | pakkaisiis |
elative | pakkaisest | pakkaisist |
allative | pakkaiselle | pakkaisille |
adessive | pakkaiseel | pakkaisiil |
ablative | pakkaiselt | pakkaisilt |
translative | pakkaiseks | pakkaisiks |
essive | pakkaisenna, pakkaiseen | pakkaisinna, pakkaisiin |
exessive1) | pakkaisent | pakkaisint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 377
Votic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *pakkainën.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]pakkain
Inflection
[edit]Declension of pakkain (type XII/sinin, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | pakkain | pakkaizõd |
genitive | pakkaizõ | pakkaisiijõ, pakkaisii |
partitive | pakkaissõ | pakkaisiitõ, pakkaisii |
illative | pakkaisõ, pakkaisõsõ | pakkaisiisõ |
inessive | pakkaizõz | pakkaisiiz |
elative | pakkaizõssõ | pakkaisiissõ |
allative | pakkaizõlõ | pakkaisiilõ |
adessive | pakkaizõllõ | pakkaisiillõ |
ablative | pakkaizõltõ | pakkaisiiltõ |
translative | pakkaizõssi | pakkaisiissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References
[edit]- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “pakkain”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
Categories:
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑkːɑi̯n
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑkːɑi̯n/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- izh:Weather
- Votic terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Votic/ɑkːɑi̯n
- Rhymes:Votic/ɑkːɑi̯n/2 syllables
- Votic lemmas
- Votic nouns
- Votic sinin-type nominals