Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pakkainën
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Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *pakka + *-inën. Possibly related to Proto-Samic *pākkës. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Noun
[edit]*pakkainën[1]
- frost (freezing weather)
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *pakkainën
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *pakkainën | *pakkaicët | |
accusative | *pakkaicën | *pakkaicët | |
genitive | *pakkaicën | *pak'aictën *pakkaicidën | |
partitive | *pak'aicta | *pakkaicita | |
inessive | *pakkaicëssa *pakkaicëhna |
*pakkaicissa *pakkaicihna | |
elative | *pakkaicësta | *pakkaicista | |
illative | *pakkaicësën | *pakkaicisën | |
adessive | *pakkaicëlla | *pakkaicilla | |
ablative | *pakkaicëlta | *pakkaicilta | |
allative | *pakkaicëlën *pakkaicëlëk |
*pakkaicilën *pakkaicilëk | |
essive | *pak'ainna | *pakkaicina | |
translative | *pakkaicëksi | *pakkaiciksi | |
instructive | *pakkaicën | *pakkaicin | |
comitative | *pak'ainnëk | *pakkaicinëk | |
abessive | *pakkaicëtta | *pakkaicitta |
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: pakane
- Finnish: pakkanen
- Ingrian: pakkain
- Karelian:
- Livvi: pakkaine
- Ludian: pakaine
- Veps: pakaine
- Votic: pakkain, pakkan
References
[edit]- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*pakka-inën”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][1] (in Finnish)
Further reading
[edit]- “pakane”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012