onçóm
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See also: oncom
Macanese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Portuguese um (“a, one”) + só (“alone”) (Macanese unga + sô), hence the older forms unsó and unçom, first formed in Malaysian Portuguese and Kristang. Final nasalization possibly influenced by the nasality of the un- (and later on-) component.[1] For the /u/ → /o/ shift, compare fonçám (versus expected *funçám). For the word-final nasalization, compare sium.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]onçóm
- alone, unaccompanied (by oneself)
Pronoun
[edit]onçóm
- reflexive pronoun: oneself[2]
- têm na onçóm sa casa ― he is in his own home
- sâm êle onçóm falâ ― he said it himself
Usage notes
[edit]- May take the place of Portuguese se, for example entreter-se (“to keep oneself entertained”) becomes entretê onçóm in Macanese.
- As seen in the first collocation, onçóm-sa (“one's own”) is a possible possessive pronoun, however it is not as common as su which is functionally equivalent.
- Often written as onçôm.
See also
[edit]| Macanese personal pronouns (edit) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Singular | Possessive | Plural | Possessive | Reflexive | Possessive |
| First | iou, io, mi*, ieu* | iou-sa, iou-sua#, minha, io-sa, io-sua# | nôs, nosôtro* | nôs-sa, nôsso, nôs-sua# | onçóm | su, onçóm-sa*, onçóm-sua# |
| Second | vôs | vôs-sa, vôsso, su, vôs-sua# | vosôtro | vosôtro-sa, su, vosôtro-sua# | ||
| Third | êle, êla* | êle-sa, su, êle-sua# | ilôtro, elôtro*, olôtro*, ulôtro* | ilôtro-sa, su, ilôtro-sua# | ||
#: dated.
*: rare.
References
[edit]- ^ Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “onçom”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 498
- ^ https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm#oncom