obedecer

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese obedecer, from Vulgar Latin *oboedescere, from Latin oboedīre, present active infinitive of oboediō.

Verb

obedecer (first-person singular present obedezo, first-person singular preterite obedecín, past participle obedecido)
obedecer (first-person singular present obedeço, first-person singular preterite obedecim or obedeci, past participle obedecido, reintegrationist norm)

1. to obey

   Antonym: desobedecer

Conjugation

    Conjugation of obedecer (c-z alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	obedecer
Personal	obedecer	obedeceres	obedecer	obedecermos	obedecerdes	obedeceren
Gerund
	obedecendo
Past participle
Masculine	obedecido			obedecidos
Feminine	obedecida			obedecidas
Indicative
Present	obedezo	obedeces	obedece	obedecemos	obedecedes	obedecen
Imperfect	obedecía	obedecías	obedecía	obedeciamos	obedeciades	obedecían
Preterite	obedecín	obedeciches	obedeceu	obedecemos	obedecestes	obedeceron
Pluperfect	obedecera	obedeceras	obedecera	obedeceramos	obedecerades	obedeceran
Future	obedecerei	obedecerás	obedecerá	obedeceremos	obedeceredes	obedecerán
Conditional	obedecería	obedecerías	obedecería	obedeceriamos	obedeceriades	obedecerían
Subjunctive
Present	obedeza	obedezas	obedeza	obedezamos	obedezades	obedezan
Imperfect	obedecese	obedeceses	obedecese	obedecésemos	obedecésedes	obedecesen
Future	obedecer	obedeceres	obedecer	obedecermos	obedecerdes	obedeceren
Imperative
Affirmative		obedece	obedeza	obedezamos	obedecede	obedezan
Negative (non)		non obedezas	non obedeza	non obedezamos	non obedezades	non obedezan

    Reintegrated conjugation of obedecer (c-ç alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	obedecer
Personal	obedecer	obedeceres	obedecer	obedecermos	obedecerdes	obedecerem
Gerund
	obedecendo
Past participle
Masculine	obedecido			obedecidos
Feminine	obedecida			obedecidas
Indicative
Present	obedeço	obedeces	obedece	obedecemos	obedecedes, obedeceis	obedecem
Imperfect	obedecia	obedecias	obedecia	obedecíamos	obedecíades, obedecíeis, obedecíais1	obedeciam
Preterite	obedecim, obedeci	obedeceste, obedeceche1	obedeceu	obedecemos	obedecestes	obedecêrom, obedeceram
Pluperfect	obedecera	obedeceras	obedecera	obedecêramos	obedecêrades, obedecêreis, obedecêrais1	obedeceram
Future	obedecerei	obedecerás	obedecerá	obedeceremos	obedeceredes, obedecereis	obedecerám, obedecerão
Conditional	obedeceria	obedecerias	obedeceria	obedeceríamos	obedeceríades, obedeceríeis, obedeceríais1	obedeceriam
Subjunctive
Present	obedeça	obedeças	obedeça	obedeçamos	obedeçades, obedeçais	obedeçam
Imperfect	obedecesse	obedecesses	obedecesse	obedecêssemos	obedecêssedes, obedecêsseis	obedecessem
Future	obedecer	obedeceres	obedecer	obedecermos	obedecerdes	obedecerem
Imperative
Affirmative		obedece	obedeça	obedeçamos	obedecede, obedecei	obedeçam
Negative (nom)		nom obedeças	nom obedeça	nom obedeçamos	nom obedeçades, nom obedeçais	nom obedeçam

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• desobedecer

Related terms

• obediencia
• obediente

 

Further reading

• “obedecer”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese obedecer, from Vulgar Latin *oboedēscere, from Latin oboedīre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /o.be.deˈse(ʁ)/ [o.be.deˈse(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /o.be.deˈse(ʁ)/ [o.be.deˈse(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /o.be.deˈse(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /o.be.deˈse(ʁ)/ [o.be.deˈse(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /o.be.deˈse(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔ.bɨ.dɨˈseɾ/ [ɔ.βɨ.ðɨˈseɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔ.bɨ.dɨˈseɾ/ [ɔ.βɨ.ðɨˈseɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔ.bɨ.dɨˈse.ɾi/ [ɔ.βɨ.ðɨˈse.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: o‧be‧de‧cer

Verb

obedecer (first-person singular present obedeço, first-person singular preterite obedeci, past participle obedecido)

1. obey (to do as ordered)
   • 2018, “Kanye West da Bahia”, performed by Baco Exu do Blues:

     Eu não abaixo a cabeça, não vou te obedecer / Ser preto de estimação não, eu prefiro morrer

     I don’t bow my head down, I won’t obey you / Be a black pet? No, I would rather die

Conjugation

    Conjugation of obedecer (c-ç alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	obedecer
Personal	obedecer	obedeceres	obedecer	obedecermos	obedecerdes	obedecerem
Gerund
	obedecendo
Past participle
Masculine	obedecido			obedecidos
Feminine	obedecida			obedecidas
Indicative
Present	obedeço	obedeces	obedece	obedecemos	obedeceis	obedecem
Imperfect	obedecia	obedecias	obedecia	obedecíamos	obedecíeis	obedeciam
Preterite	obedeci	obedeceste	obedeceu	obedecemos	obedecestes	obedeceram
Pluperfect	obedecera	obedeceras	obedecera	obedecêramos	obedecêreis	obedeceram
Future	obedecerei	obedecerás	obedecerá	obedeceremos	obedecereis	obedecerão
Conditional	obedeceria	obedecerias	obedeceria	obedeceríamos	obedeceríeis	obedeceriam
Subjunctive
Present	obedeça	obedeças	obedeça	obedeçamos	obedeçais	obedeçam
Imperfect	obedecesse	obedecesses	obedecesse	obedecêssemos	obedecêsseis	obedecessem
Future	obedecer	obedeceres	obedecer	obedecermos	obedecerdes	obedecerem
Imperative
Affirmative		obedece	obedeça	obedeçamos	obedecei	obedeçam
Negative (não)		não obedeças	não obedeça	não obedeçamos	não obedeçais	não obedeçam

Related terms

• obediente
• obediência

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin oboedire.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /obedeˈθeɾ/ [o.β̞e.ð̞eˈθeɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /obedeˈseɾ/ [o.β̞e.ð̞eˈseɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: o‧be‧de‧cer

Verb

obedecer (first-person singular present obedezco, first-person singular preterite obedecí, past participle obedecido)

1. (transitive) to obey

   Antonym: desobedecer

2. (intransitive, with a) to be caused by, to be due to, to be attributable to

Conjugation

    Conjugation of obedecer (c-zc alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			obedecer
gerund			obedeciendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		obedecido		obedecida
		plural		obedecidos		obedecidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	obedezco	obedecestú obedecésvos	obedece	obedecemos	obedecéis	obedecen
	imperfect	obedecía	obedecías	obedecía	obedecíamos	obedecíais	obedecían
	preterite	obedecí	obedeciste	obedeció	obedecimos	obedecisteis	obedecieron
	future	obedeceré	obedecerás	obedecerá	obedeceremos	obedeceréis	obedecerán
	conditional	obedecería	obedecerías	obedecería	obedeceríamos	obedeceríais	obedecerían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	obedezca	obedezcastú obedezcásvos2	obedezca	obedezcamos	obedezcáis	obedezcan
	imperfect (ra)	obedeciera	obedecieras	obedeciera	obedeciéramos	obedecierais	obedecieran
	imperfect (se)	obedeciese	obedecieses	obedeciese	obedeciésemos	obedecieseis	obedeciesen
	future1	obedeciere	obedecieres	obedeciere	obedeciéremos	obedeciereis	obedecieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		obedecetú obedecévos	obedezca	obedezcamos	obedeced	obedezcan
	negative		no obedezcas	no obedezca	no obedezcamos	no obedezcáis	no obedezcan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of obedecer (c-zc alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive obedecer
	dative	obedecerme	obedecerte	obedecerle, obedecerse	obedecernos	obedeceros	obedecerles, obedecerse
	accusative	obedecerme	obedecerte	obedecerlo, obedecerla, obedecerse	obedecernos	obedeceros	obedecerlos, obedecerlas, obedecerse
with gerund obedeciendo
	dative	obedeciéndome	obedeciéndote	obedeciéndole, obedeciéndose	obedeciéndonos	obedeciéndoos	obedeciéndoles, obedeciéndose
	accusative	obedeciéndome	obedeciéndote	obedeciéndolo, obedeciéndola, obedeciéndose	obedeciéndonos	obedeciéndoos	obedeciéndolos, obedeciéndolas, obedeciéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative obedece
	dative	obedéceme	obedécete	obedécele	obedécenos	not used	obedéceles
	accusative	obedéceme	obedécete	obedécelo, obedécela	obedécenos	not used	obedécelos, obedécelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative obedecé
	dative	obedeceme	obedecete	obedecele	obedecenos	not used	obedeceles
	accusative	obedeceme	obedecete	obedecelo, obedecela	obedecenos	not used	obedecelos, obedecelas
with formal second-person singular imperative obedezca
	dative	obedézcame	not used	obedézcale, obedézcase	obedézcanos	not used	obedézcales
	accusative	obedézcame	not used	obedézcalo, obedézcala, obedézcase	obedézcanos	not used	obedézcalos, obedézcalas
with first-person plural imperative obedezcamos
	dative	not used	obedezcámoste	obedezcámosle	obedezcámonos	obedezcámoos	obedezcámosles
	accusative	not used	obedezcámoste	obedezcámoslo, obedezcámosla	obedezcámonos	obedezcámoos	obedezcámoslos, obedezcámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative obedeced
	dative	obedecedme	not used	obedecedle	obedecednos	obedeceos	obedecedles
	accusative	obedecedme	not used	obedecedlo, obedecedla	obedecednos	obedeceos	obedecedlos, obedecedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative obedezcan
	dative	obedézcanme	not used	obedézcanle	obedézcannos	not used	obedézcanles, obedézcanse
	accusative	obedézcanme	not used	obedézcanlo, obedézcanla	obedézcannos	not used	obedézcanlos, obedézcanlas, obedézcanse

Derived terms

• desobedecer

 

Related terms

• obediencia
• obediente

 

References

• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1985) “oír”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume IV (Me–Re), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 267
• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “ŏboedīre”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 443

Further reading

• “obedecer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28