lykja
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Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]lykja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative lukti, supine lukið)
Conjugation
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lykja — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að lykja | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
lukið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
lykjandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég lyk | við lykjum | present (nútíð) |
ég lyki | við lykjum |
þú lykur | þið lykið | þú lykir | þið lykið | ||
hann, hún, það lykur | þeir, þær, þau lykja | hann, hún, það lyki | þeir, þær, þau lyki | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég lukti | við luktum | past (þátíð) |
ég lykti | við lyktum |
þú luktir | þið luktuð | þú lyktir | þið lyktuð | ||
hann, hún, það lukti | þeir, þær, þau luktu | hann, hún, það lykti | þeir, þær, þau lyktu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
lyk (þú) | lykið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
lyktu | lykiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að lykjast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
lukist | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
lykjandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég lykst | við lykjumst | present (nútíð) |
ég lykjist | við lykjumst |
þú lykst | þið lykjist | þú lykjist | þið lykjist | ||
hann, hún, það lykst | þeir, þær, þau lykjast | hann, hún, það lykjist | þeir, þær, þau lykjist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég luktist | við luktumst | past (þátíð) |
ég lyktist | við lyktumst |
þú luktist | þið luktust | þú lyktist | þið lyktust | ||
hann, hún, það luktist | þeir, þær, þau luktust | hann, hún, það lyktist | þeir, þær, þau lyktust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
lykst (þú) | lykist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
lykstu | lykisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
lukinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
lukinn | lukin | lukið | luktir | luktar | lukin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
lukinn | lukta | lukið | lukta | luktar | lukin | |
dative (þágufall) |
luktum | lukinni | luktu | luktum | luktum | luktum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
lukins | lukinnar | lukins | lukinna | lukinna | lukinna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
lukti | lukta | lukta | luktu | luktu | luktu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
lukta | luktu | lukta | luktu | luktu | luktu | |
dative (þágufall) |
lukta | luktu | lukta | luktu | luktu | luktu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
lukta | luktu | lukta | luktu | luktu | luktu |
Synonyms
[edit]Noun
[edit]lykja f (genitive singular lykju, nominative plural lykjur)
Declension
[edit]Declension of lykja | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f-w1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | lykja | lykjan | lykjur | lykjurnar |
accusative | lykju | lykjuna | lykjur | lykjurnar |
dative | lykju | lykjunni | lykjum | lykjunum |
genitive | lykju | lykjunnar | lykja | lykjanna |
Synonyms
[edit]Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *lukjaną (“to close, shut”) (see the related *lūkaną), from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend, fold, turn”). Doublet of lúka.
Verb
[edit]lykja (singular past indicative lukti, plural past indicative luktu, past participle luktr)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of lykja — active (weak class 1)
infinitive | lykja | |
---|---|---|
present participle | lykjandi | |
past participle | luktr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | lyk | lukta |
2nd-person singular | lykr | luktir |
3rd-person singular | lykr | lukti |
1st-person plural | lykjum | luktum |
2nd-person plural | lykið | luktuð |
3rd-person plural | lykja | luktu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | lykja | lykta |
2nd-person singular | lykir | lyktir |
3rd-person singular | lyki | lykti |
1st-person plural | lykim | lyktim |
2nd-person plural | lykið | lyktið |
3rd-person plural | lyki | lykti |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | lyk | |
1st-person plural | lykjum | |
2nd-person plural | lykið |
Conjugation of lykja — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive | lykjask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | lykjandisk | |
past participle | lykzk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | lykjumk | luktumk |
2nd-person singular | lyksk | luktisk |
3rd-person singular | lyksk | luktisk |
1st-person plural | lykjumsk | luktumsk |
2nd-person plural | lykizk | luktuzk |
3rd-person plural | lykjask | luktusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | lykjumk | lyktumk |
2nd-person singular | lykisk | lyktisk |
3rd-person singular | lykisk | lyktisk |
1st-person plural | lykimsk | lyktimsk |
2nd-person plural | lykizk | lyktizk |
3rd-person plural | lykisk | lyktisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | lyksk | |
1st-person plural | lykjumsk | |
2nd-person plural | lykizk |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “lykja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːca
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːca/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic feminine nouns
- Icelandic countable nouns
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse doublets
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 1 weak short-stem verbs