kuristaa
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kurgistadak, probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną. Alternatively, and less likely, related to kuroa.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kuristaa (transitive)
Usage notes
[edit]- (strangle, choke): This verb may be telic (take an accusative object) or atelic (take a partitive object). Similar to ampua, the former implies strangling to death and the latter not to death, unless otherwise specified.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of kuristaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kuristan | en kurista | 1st sing. | olen kuristanut | en ole kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kuristat | et kurista | 2nd sing. | olet kuristanut | et ole kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kuristaa | ei kurista | 3rd sing. | on kuristanut | ei ole kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kuristamme | emme kurista | 1st plur. | olemme kuristaneet | emme ole kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kuristatte | ette kurista | 2nd plur. | olette kuristaneet | ette ole kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kuristavat | eivät kurista | 3rd plur. | ovat kuristaneet | eivät ole kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kuristetaan | ei kuristeta | passive | on kuristettu | ei ole kuristettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kuristin | en kuristanut | 1st sing. | olin kuristanut | en ollut kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kuristit | et kuristanut | 2nd sing. | olit kuristanut | et ollut kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kuristi | ei kuristanut | 3rd sing. | oli kuristanut | ei ollut kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kuristimme | emme kuristaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kuristaneet | emme olleet kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kuristitte | ette kuristaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kuristaneet | ette olleet kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kuristivat | eivät kuristaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kuristaneet | eivät olleet kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kuristettiin | ei kuristettu | passive | oli kuristettu | ei ollut kuristettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kuristaisin | en kuristaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kuristanut | en olisi kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kuristaisit | et kuristaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kuristanut | et olisi kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kuristaisi | ei kuristaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kuristanut | ei olisi kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kuristaisimme | emme kuristaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kuristaneet | emme olisi kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kuristaisitte | ette kuristaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kuristaneet | ette olisi kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kuristaisivat | eivät kuristaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kuristaneet | eivät olisi kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kuristettaisiin | ei kuristettaisi | passive | olisi kuristettu | ei olisi kuristettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kurista | älä kurista | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kuristakoon | älköön kuristako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kuristanut | älköön olko kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kuristakaamme | älkäämme kuristako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kuristakaa | älkää kuristako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kuristakoot | älkööt kuristako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kuristaneet | älkööt olko kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kuristettakoon | älköön kuristettako | passive | olkoon kuristettu | älköön olko kuristettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kuristanen | en kuristane | 1st sing. | lienen kuristanut | en liene kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kuristanet | et kuristane | 2nd sing. | lienet kuristanut | et liene kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kuristanee | ei kuristane | 3rd sing. | lienee kuristanut | ei liene kuristanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kuristanemme | emme kuristane | 1st plur. | lienemme kuristaneet | emme liene kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kuristanette | ette kuristane | 2nd plur. | lienette kuristaneet | ette liene kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kuristanevat | eivät kuristane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kuristaneet | eivät liene kuristaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kuristettaneen | ei kuristettane | passive | lienee kuristettu | ei liene kuristettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | kuristaa | present | kuristava | kuristettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | kuristanut | kuristettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | kuristaessa | kuristettaessa | agent4 | kuristama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kuristamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kuristaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | kuristamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | kuristamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | kuristamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | kuristamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | kuristamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kuristaman | kuristettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | kuristaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]nouns
verbs
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kuristaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kurgistadak. Cognates include Finnish kuristaa and Estonian kuristada.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkuristɑː/, [ˈkuris̠tɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkuristɑː/, [ˈkuriʃtɑː]
- Rhymes: -uristɑː
- Hyphenation: ku‧ris‧taa
Verb
[edit]kuristaa
- (transitive) to tighten
- (transitive) to hang (to death)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of kuristaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kurissan | en kurissa | 1st singular | oon kuristant, oon kuristanut | en oo kuristant, en oo kuristanut |
2nd singular | kurissat | et kurissa | 2nd singular | oot kuristant, oot kuristanut | et oo kuristant, et oo kuristanut |
3rd singular | kuristaa | ei kurissa | 3rd singular | ono kuristant, ono kuristanut | ei oo kuristant, ei oo kuristanut |
1st plural | kurissamma | emmä kurissa | 1st plural | oomma kuristanneet | emmä oo kuristanneet |
2nd plural | kurissatta | että kurissa | 2nd plural | ootta kuristanneet | että oo kuristanneet |
3rd plural | kuristaat1), kuristavat2), kurissettaa | evät kurissa, ei kurisseta | 3rd plural | ovat kuristanneet | evät oo kuristanneet, ei oo kurissettu |
impersonal | kurissettaa | ei kurisseta | impersonal | ono kurissettu | ei oo kurissettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kurissin | en kuristant, en kuristanut | 1st singular | olin kuristant, olin kuristanut | en olt kuristant, en olt kuristanut |
2nd singular | kurissit | et kuristant, et kuristanut | 2nd singular | olit kuristant, olit kuristanut | et olt kuristant, et olt kuristanut |
3rd singular | kuristi | ei kuristant, ei kuristanut | 3rd singular | oli kuristant, oli kuristanut | ei olt kuristant, ei olt kuristanut |
1st plural | kurissimma | emmä kuristanneet | 1st plural | olimma kuristanneet | emmä olleet kuristanneet |
2nd plural | kurissitta | että kuristanneet | 2nd plural | olitta kuristanneet | että olleet kuristanneet |
3rd plural | kuristiit1), kuristivat2), kurissettii | evät kuristanneet, ei kurissettu | 3rd plural | olivat kuristanneet | evät olleet kuristanneet, ei olt kurissettu |
impersonal | kurissettii | ei kurissettu | impersonal | oli kurissettu | ei olt kurissettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kuristaisin | en kuristais | 1st singular | olisin kuristant, olisin kuristanut | en olis kuristant, en olis kuristanut |
2nd singular | kuristaisit, kuristaist1) | et kuristais | 2nd singular | olisit kuristant, olisit kuristanut | et olis kuristant, et olis kuristanut |
3rd singular | kuristais | ei kuristais | 3rd singular | olis kuristant, olis kuristanut | ei olis kuristant, ei olis kuristanut |
1st plural | kuristaisimma | emmä kuristais | 1st plural | olisimma kuristanneet | emmä olis kuristanneet |
2nd plural | kuristaisitta | että kuristais | 2nd plural | olisitta kuristanneet | että olis kuristanneet |
3rd plural | kuristaisiit1), kuristaisivat2), kurissettais | evät kuristais, ei kurissettais | 3rd plural | olisivat kuristanneet | evät olis kuristanneet, ei olis kurissettu |
impersonal | kurissettais | ei kurissettais | impersonal | olis kurissettu | ei olis kurissettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | kurissa | elä kurissa | 2nd singular | oo kuristant, oo kuristanut | elä oo kuristant, elä oo kuristanut |
3rd singular | kuristakkoo | elköö kuristako | 3rd singular | olkoo kuristant, olkoo kuristanut | elköö olko kuristant, elköö olko kuristanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | kuristakkaa | elkää kuristako | 2nd plural | olkaa kuristanneet | elkää olko kuristanneet |
3rd plural | kuristakkoot | elkööt kuristako, elköö kurissettako | 3rd plural | olkoot kuristanneet | elkööt olko kuristanneet, elköö olko kurissettu |
impersonal | kurissettakoo | elköö kurissettako | impersonal | olkoo kurissettu | elköö olko kurissettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | kuristanen | en kuristane | |||
2nd singular | kuristanet | et kuristane | |||
3rd singular | kuristannoo | ei kuristane | |||
1st plural | kuristanemma | emmä kuristane | |||
2nd plural | kuristanetta | että kuristane | |||
3rd plural | kuristannoot | evät kuristane, ei kurissettane | |||
impersonal | kurissettanoo | ei kurissettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | kuristaa | present | kuristava | kurissettava | |
2nd | inessive | kuristaes | past | kuristant, kuristanut | kurissettu |
instructive | kuristaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kuristakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | kuristammaa | |||
inessive | kuristamas | ||||
elative | kuristamast | ||||
abessive | kuristamata | ||||
4th | nominative | kuristamiin | |||
partitive | kuristamista, kuristamist |
Synonyms
[edit]- (to tighten): tiukata
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 222
Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/uristɑː
- Rhymes:Finnish/uristɑː/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- Finnish muistaa-type verbs
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/uristɑː
- Rhymes:Ingrian/uristɑː/3 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian verbs
- Ingrian transitive verbs