klupt

Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *kulp, *klup, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷelp-, *kʷl̥p- (“to bend (one's) knees, to stumble”), from *kʷel- (“to turn, to move”), whence also celis (“knee”) and cilpa (“loop”), q.v.. Cognates include Lithuanian klùpti, klaũptis (“to kneel”), Old Prussian klupstis (“knee”), poquelbton ([pakvelptan], “having flexed one's knees, having fallen on one's knees”), German holpern (“to jolt; to go stumbling”) (< *holpeln).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [klupt]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

klupt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present klūpu, klūpi, klūp, past klupu)

1. to stumble, to trip (to move or bend forward quickly and unexpectedly because (one's) foot slipped, got stuck, etc.)

   klupt uz līdzenas vietas ― to stumble on a level, smooth spot

   viņš klupa, kājai atsitoties pret akmeni ― he stumbled, hitting (his) foot against the stone, rock

   pāris reižu viņa klūp, nokrīt uz ceļiem ― a few times she stumbles, (she) falls on the road

   klupdams krizdams ― (while) stumbling and falling (i.e., in a hurry, excitedly, headlong)

   zirgs klupa un izmeta jātnieku no sedliem ― the horse stumbled and threw the rider off the saddle

2. to stumble (to move or bend forward quickly)

   kad Līze pēdīgi atnāca un jau no tālienes redzēja Jāni nekustošu pie zemes guļot, viņa kā ārprātīga klupa Jānim blakus zemē

   when Līze finally came and saw from afar Jānis lying motionless on the ground, she stumbled (= ran to) near Jānis like a madwoman

3. to move, bend forward quickly and grab something

   'Alberts nogrūž puiku no sēdekļa un klūp airos ― Alberts dumped the boy from the seat and grabbed the (lit. in the) oars

4. to approach and attack quickly, to pounce, to jump, fall on

   suns klūp kaķiem virsū ― the dog fell, pounced on the cats

   izsalkūšas aitas klupa klāt pie siles ― the hungry sheep threw themselves, attacked the trough

   saukt lietas īstajā vārdā, tas nozīmē klupt otram bārdā ― to call the things by (lit. in) their true name(s), that means to fall on someone else's beard (= to attack someone)

Conjugation

conjugation of klupt

	INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme)				IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme)
		Present (tagadne)	Past (pagātne)	Future (nākotne)
1st pers. sg.	es	klūpu	klupu	klupšu	—
2nd pers. sg.	tu	klūpi	klupi	klupsi	klūpi
3rd pers. sg.	viņš, viņa	klūp	klupa	klups	lai klūp
1st pers. pl.	mēs	klūpam	klupām	klupsim	klupsim
2nd pers. pl.	jūs	klūpat	klupāt	klupsiet, klupsit	klūpiet
3rd pers. pl.	viņi, viņas	klūp	klupa	klups	lai klūp
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme)			PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present	klūpot		Present Active 1 (Adj.)		klūpošs
Past	esot klupis		Present Active 2 (Adv.)		klupdams
Future	klupšot		Present Active 3 (Adv.)		klūpot
Imperative	lai klūpot		Present Active 4 (Obj.)		klūpam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme)			Past Active		klupis
Present	kluptu		Present Passive		—
Past	būtu klupis		Past Passive		—
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme)			NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative	(būt) jāklūp		Infinitive (nenoteiksme)		klupt
Conjunctive 1	esot jāklūp		Negative Infinitive		neklupt
Conjunctive 2	jāklūpot		Verbal noun		klupšana

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:

• ieklupt
• izklupt
• paklupt
• pārklupt
• saklupt
• uzklupt

other derived terms:

• klupiens
• klupšus
• klupties