karhuta
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]karhuta (intransitive, transitive, usually atelic)
- to dun (to ask or beset a debtor for payment)
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of karhuta (Kotus type 74/katketa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karhuan | en karhua | 1st sing. | olen karhunnut | en ole karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karhuat | et karhua | 2nd sing. | olet karhunnut | et ole karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karhuaa | ei karhua | 3rd sing. | on karhunnut | ei ole karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karhuamme | emme karhua | 1st plur. | olemme karhunneet | emme ole karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karhuatte | ette karhua | 2nd plur. | olette karhunneet | ette ole karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karhuavat | eivät karhua | 3rd plur. | ovat karhunneet | eivät ole karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karhutaan | ei karhuta | passive | on karhuttu | ei ole karhuttu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karhusin | en karhunnut | 1st sing. | olin karhunnut | en ollut karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karhusit | et karhunnut | 2nd sing. | olit karhunnut | et ollut karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karhusi | ei karhunnut | 3rd sing. | oli karhunnut | ei ollut karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karhusimme | emme karhunneet | 1st plur. | olimme karhunneet | emme olleet karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karhusitte | ette karhunneet | 2nd plur. | olitte karhunneet | ette olleet karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karhusivat | eivät karhunneet | 3rd plur. | olivat karhunneet | eivät olleet karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karhuttiin | ei karhuttu | passive | oli karhuttu | ei ollut karhuttu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karhuaisin karhuisin |
en karhuaisi en karhuisi |
1st sing. | olisin karhunnut | en olisi karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karhuaisit karhuisit |
et karhuaisi et karhuisi |
2nd sing. | olisit karhunnut | et olisi karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karhuaisi karhuisi |
ei karhuaisi ei karhuisi |
3rd sing. | olisi karhunnut | ei olisi karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karhuaisimme karhuisimme |
emme karhuaisi emme karhuisi |
1st plur. | olisimme karhunneet | emme olisi karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karhuaisitte karhuisitte |
ette karhuaisi ette karhuisi |
2nd plur. | olisitte karhunneet | ette olisi karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karhuaisivat karhuisivat |
eivät karhuaisi eivät karhuisi |
3rd plur. | olisivat karhunneet | eivät olisi karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karhuttaisiin | ei karhuttaisi | passive | olisi karhuttu | ei olisi karhuttu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karhua | älä karhua | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karhutkoon | älköön karhutko | 3rd sing. | olkoon karhunnut | älköön olko karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karhutkaamme | älkäämme karhutko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karhutkaa | älkää karhutko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karhutkoot | älkööt karhutko | 3rd plur. | olkoot karhunneet | älkööt olko karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karhuttakoon | älköön karhuttako | passive | olkoon karhuttu | älköön olko karhuttu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karhunnen | en karhunne | 1st sing. | lienen karhunnut | en liene karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karhunnet | et karhunne | 2nd sing. | lienet karhunnut | et liene karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karhunnee | ei karhunne | 3rd sing. | lienee karhunnut | ei liene karhunnut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karhunnemme | emme karhunne | 1st plur. | lienemme karhunneet | emme liene karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karhunnette | ette karhunne | 2nd plur. | lienette karhunneet | ette liene karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karhunnevat | eivät karhunne | 3rd plur. | lienevät karhunneet | eivät liene karhunneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karhuttaneen | ei karhuttane | passive | lienee karhuttu | ei liene karhuttu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | karhuta | present | karhuava | karhuttava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | karhunnut | karhuttu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | karhutessa | karhuttaessa | agent4 | karhuama | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | karhuamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | karhuten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | karhuamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | karhuamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | karhuamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | karhuamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | karhuamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | karhuaman | karhuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | karhuaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “karhuta”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02