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kapur

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Kapur

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Malay kapur, from Proto-Malayic *kapur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qapuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ (“lime, calcium”). Doublet of kamper.

The initial k- is unexplained (expected reflex is *hapur) and may indicate an alternate byform *kapuʀ according to Blust and Trussel.

Cognates

Cognate with Tagalog apog (“lime”), Tsou hapuyu (“lime”), and Eastern Cham ꨆꨚꨭꨩ (kapū).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈka.pʊr/
  • Rhymes: -pʊr
  • Hyphenation: ka‧pur

Noun

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kapur

  1. lime (any inorganic material containing calcium, usually calcium oxide (quicklime) or calcium hydroxide (slaked lime))
  2. chalk
    1. a soft, white, powdery limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO3)
    2. a piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO4), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard)
      Synonym: kapur tulis

Verb

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kapur (active mengapur, passive dikapur)

  1. (transitive) to whitewash (to paint over with a lime and water mixture so as to brighten up a wall or fence)

Derived terms

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References

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  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 68
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎[2] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 175
  • Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1100, page 88b

Malay

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayic *kapur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qapuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ (“lime, calcium”). Cognate with Tagalog apog (“lime”), Tsou hapuyu (“lime”), Eastern Cham ꨆꨚꨭꨩ (kapū). The initial k- is unexplained (expected reflex is *hapur) and may indicate an alternate byform *kapuʀ according to Blust and Trussel.

Compare the Austroasiatic loanwords: Proto-Mon-Khmer *knpur (“lime”) (whence Khmer កំបោរ (kɑmbao, “lime, quicklime; plaster”), Middle Mon gapuiw (“lime”) > Mon ဂပဵု (həpɒ, “lime, stalked lime”), Vietnamese vôi (“lime”), Muong pôl (“lime”)), as well as Khmer កប៌ូរ (kāpōr, “camphor”).

Mayrhofer explains the anlaut variation observed in the descendants by the Austronesian prefix-variation kar- : kam- : ka-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kapur (Jawi spelling کاڤور, informal 1st possessive kapurku, 2nd possessive kapurmu, 3rd possessive kapurnya)

  1. lime (calcium oxide, quicklime)

Derived terms

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Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

Descendants

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References

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  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[3] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 68
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎[4] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 175
  • Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1100, page 88b

Further reading

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