hela

See also: HeLa, helá, héla, helą, Hela, and Helą

Esperanto

Etymology

From German hell.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhela]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ela
• Hyphenation: he‧la

Adjective

hela (accusative singular helan, plural helaj, accusative plural helajn)

1. clear, bright
   • 1997, Henrik Ibsen, translated by Odd Tangerud, John Gabriel Borkman:

     Li estas juna homo kun helaj, bravaj okuloj.

     He is a young man with bright, brave eyes.

Related terms

• helo

Finnish

Etymology

A word from the same stem as heleä (“bright (e.g. of a sound)”) and helistä (“to clink, jingle, tingle”); thus a sound-symbolic word. Morphologically possibly a back-formation.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhelɑ/, [ˈhe̞lɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -elɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): he‧la

Noun

hela

1. mounting, fitting, bushing
2. bolster (on a knife)

Declension

Inflection of hela (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		hela	helat
genitive		helan	helojen
partitive		helaa	heloja
illative		helaan	heloihin
		singular	plural
nominative		hela	helat
accusative	nom.	hela	helat
	gen.	helan
genitive		helan	helojen helain rare
partitive		helaa	heloja
inessive		helassa	heloissa
elative		helasta	heloista
illative		helaan	heloihin
adessive		helalla	heloilla
ablative		helalta	heloilta
allative		helalle	heloille
essive		helana	heloina
translative		helaksi	heloiksi
abessive		helatta	heloitta
instructive		—	heloin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of hela (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative helani helani accusative nom. helani helani gen. helani genitive helani helojeni helaini rare partitive helaani helojani inessive helassani heloissani elative helastani heloistani illative helaani heloihini adessive helallani heloillani ablative helaltani heloiltani allative helalleni heloilleni essive helanani heloinani translative helakseni heloikseni abessive helattani heloittani instructive — — comitative — heloineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative helasi helasi accusative nom. helasi helasi gen. helasi genitive helasi helojesi helaisi rare partitive helaasi helojasi inessive helassasi heloissasi elative helastasi heloistasi illative helaasi heloihisi adessive helallasi heloillasi ablative helaltasi heloiltasi allative helallesi heloillesi essive helanasi heloinasi translative helaksesi heloiksesi abessive helattasi heloittasi instructive — — comitative — heloinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative helamme helamme accusative nom. helamme helamme gen. helamme genitive helamme helojemme helaimme rare partitive helaamme helojamme inessive helassamme heloissamme elative helastamme heloistamme illative helaamme heloihimme adessive helallamme heloillamme ablative helaltamme heloiltamme allative helallemme heloillemme essive helanamme heloinamme translative helaksemme heloiksemme abessive helattamme heloittamme instructive — — comitative — heloinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative helanne helanne accusative nom. helanne helanne gen. helanne genitive helanne helojenne helainne rare partitive helaanne helojanne inessive helassanne heloissanne elative helastanne heloistanne illative helaanne heloihinne adessive helallanne heloillanne ablative helaltanne heloiltanne allative helallenne heloillenne essive helananne heloinanne translative helaksenne heloiksenne abessive helattanne heloittanne instructive — — comitative — heloinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative helansa helansa accusative nom. helansa helansa gen. helansa genitive helansa helojensa helainsa rare partitive helaansa helojaan helojansa inessive helassaan helassansa heloissaan heloissansa elative helastaan helastansa heloistaan heloistansa illative helaansa heloihinsa adessive helallaan helallansa heloillaan heloillansa ablative helaltaan helaltansa heloiltaan heloiltansa allative helalleen helallensa heloilleen heloillensa essive helanaan helanansa heloinaan heloinansa translative helakseen helaksensa heloikseen heloiksensa abessive helattaan helattansa heloittaan heloittansa instructive — — comitative — heloineen heloinensa

Derived terms

• heloittaa

(compounds):

• Helaakoski
• helahoito
• helapää
• helavyö
• hopeahela
• hopeahelainen
• suuhela

Further reading

• “hela”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from German hell. Not inherited from Esperanto hela, but could be influenced. The native word is klara.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhela/

Adjective

hela

1. (neologism, of colors) light

   Synonym: klara

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay hela, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hilah (“drag, pull”). Cognate with Tagalog hila.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhela]
• Hyphenation: hé‧la

Verb

héla

1. (transitive) to pull, to drag, to haul

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• penghela [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• helaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• menghela [agent focus] (meN-)
• helakan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
• menghelakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• dihela [patient focus] (di-)
• dihelakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)

References

• “hela” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hilah (“drag, pull”). Cognate with Tagalog hila.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hela/
• Rhymes: -ela, -la

Verb

héla (Jawi spelling هيلا)

1. (transitive) to drag, to haul

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• penghela [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• helaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• menghela [agent focus] (meN-)
• helakan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
• menghelakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• dihela [patient focus] (di-)
• dihelakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)

Descendants

• Indonesian: hela
• → Ternate: hela

References

• “hela” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• helet
• helte (simple past, Etymology 4)
• helt (past participle, Etymology 4)

Verb

hela

1. past tense of hele
2. past participle of hele

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

hela (present tense helar, past tense hela, past participle hela, passive infinitive helast, present participle helande, imperative hela/hel)

1. alternative form of hele

Noun

hela f (definite singular hela, indefinite plural heler or helor, definite plural helene or helone)

1. definite singular of hele
2. (pre-2012) alternative form of hele

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō. Cognate with Old Frisian hēla.

Alternative forms

• hǣla

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxeː.lɑ/, [ˈheː.lɑ]

Noun

hēla m (nominative plural hēlan)

1. heel (of the foot)

   Synonym: hōh

Descendants

• Middle English: hele, heele, heyle, heyll, hiele, hile
  • English: heel
  • Scots: heel
  • Yola: heel

Etymology 2

Variant of ēalā, equivalent to *hē +‎ lā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxeː.lɑː/, [ˈheː.lɑː]

Interjection

hēlā

1. Alternative form of ēalā

Old Frisian

Ēn hēla (1.1).

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō. Cognates with Old English hēla.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈheːla/, [ˈheːla]

Noun

hēla m

2. heel

Descendants

• North Frisian: (Föhr-Amrum) haiel, hael, häile, hajel, hägel
• West Frisian: hyl

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *hailijan. Cognate with Old English hǣlan, Old Saxon hēlian.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈheːla/, [ˈhɛːla]

Verb

hēla

2. (transitive) to heal

Descendants

• Saterland Frisian: heila
• West Frisian: hielje

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, pages 26, 28

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse heila, from Proto-Germanic *hailijaną.

Verb

hēla

1. to heal, to cure
2. to save (in religious sense)

Conjugation

Conjugation of hēla (weak)

	present			past
infinitive	hēla			—
participle	hēlandi, hēlande			hēlder
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	hēlir	hēli, hēle	—	hēldi, hēlde	hēldi, hēlde
þū	hēlir	hēli, hēle	hēl	hēldi, hēlde	hēldi, hēlde
han	hēlir	hēli, hēle	—	hēldi, hēlde	hēldi, hēlde
vīr	hēlum, hēlom	hēlum, hēlom	hēlum, hēlom	hēldum, hēldom	hēldum, hēldom
īr	hēlin	hēlin	hēlin	hēldin	hēldin
þēr	hēla	hēlin	—	hēldu, hēldo	hēldin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	hēlis	hēlis, hēles	—	hēldis, hēldes	hēldis, hēldes
þū	hēlis	hēlis, hēles	—	hēldis, hēldes	hēldis, hēldes
han	hēlis	hēlis, hēles	—	hēldis, hēldes	hēldis, hēldes
vīr	hēlums, hēloms	hēlums, hēloms	—	hēldums, hēldoms	hēldums, hēldoms
īr	hēlins	hēlins	—	hēldins	hēldins
þēr	hēlas	hēlins	—	hēldus, hēldos	hēldins

or

Conjugation of hēla (weak)

	present			past
infinitive	hēla			—
participle	hēlandi, -e			hēlaþer
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	hēlar	hēli, -e	—	hēlaþi, -e	hēlaþi, -e
þū	hēlar	hēli, -e	hēla	hēlaþi, -e	hēlaþi, -e
han	hēlar	hēli, -e	—	hēlaþi, -e	hēlaþi, -e
vīr	hēlum, -om	hēlum, -om	hēlum, -om	hēlaþum, -om	hēlaþum, -om
īr	hēlin	hēlin	hēlin	hēlaþin	hēlaþin
þēr	hēla	hēlin	—	hēlaþu, -o	hēlaþin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	hēlas	hēlis, -es	—	hēlaþis, -es	hēlaþis, -es
þū	hēlas	hēlis, -es	—	hēlaþis, -es	hēlaþis, -es
han	hēlas	hēlis, -es	—	hēlaþis, -es	hēlaþis, -es
vīr	hēlums, -oms	hēlums, -oms	—	hēlaþums, -oms	hēlaþums, -oms
īr	hēlins	hēlins	—	hēlaþins	hēlaþins
þēr	hēlas	hēlins	—	hēlaþus, -os	hēlaþins

Descendants

• Swedish: hela

Polish

Alternative forms

• chela

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Kuyavia) IPA^(key): /ˈxɛ.la/
• Homophone: Hela

Noun

hela f

1. (Kuyavia) crate for transporting potatoes

   Synonym: paka

Further reading

• Józef Bliziński (1860) “hela”, in Abecadłowy spis wyrazów języka ludowego w Kujawach i Galicyi Zachodniej (in Polish), Warszawa, page 623
• Oskar Kolberg (1867) “hela”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 271

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈela/ [ˈe.la]
• Rhymes: -ela
• Syllabification: he‧la

Verb

hela

1. inflection of haber:
   1. second-person singular imperative combined with la
   2. second-person singular voseo imperative combined with la

Swahili

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɛ.la/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Heller, which was introduced in 1904 at the value of 1/100 rupee.

Noun

hela class IX (plural hela class X)

1. (chiefly Tanzania) money

   Synonyms: pesa, fedha

2. (historical) heller

Etymology 2

Other scripts
Ajami	هِيْلَ

Probably from dialectal Arabic هَلَا (halā). Compare also هَلُمَّ (halumma).

Interjection

hela

1. Exclamation to get attention: hey
   • 18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi‎^[2], translation from R. Allen (1946) “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249, stanza 11:

     مُيُ وَاغُ نِنِ هُزُدُكَانِ ، لِكُغُرِيِلُ هِيْلَ نِنْنِ ،

     Moyo wangu nini huzundukani, likughuriyelo hela ni-n'ni?

     Soul, why not awake? Hi! what is it that cheats you?

Swedish

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

Adjective

hela

1. inflection of hel:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish hēla, from Old Norse heila, from Proto-Germanic *hailijaną. Equivalent to Swedish hel +‎ -a.

Verb

hela (present helar, preterite helade, supine helat, imperative hela)

1. to heal; especially through faith

Conjugation

Conjugation of hela (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	hela		helas
supine	helat		helats
imperative	hela		—
imper. plural1	helen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	helar	helade	helas	helades
ind. plural1	hela	helade	helas	helades
subjunctive2	hele	helade	heles	helades
present participle		helande
past participle		helad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Related terms

• helare

Ternate

Etymology

From Malay hela.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhe.la/

Verb

hela

1. (transitive) to pull

Conjugation

Conjugation of hela

		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		tohela	fohela	mihela
2nd person		nohela	nihela
3rd person	masculine	ohela	ihela yohela (archaic)
	feminine	mohela
	neuter	ihela

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Welsh

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈhɛla/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈhɛla/
  • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈhala/

Verb

hela (first-person singular present helaf, not mutable)

1. Alternative form of hel