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haver de

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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haver de (first-person singular present he de, first-person singular preterite haguí de, past participle hagut de)

  1. must, to have to (requirement, obligation; auxiliary verb followed by an infinitive)
    He de fer alguna cosaI have to do something.
    Com que no hi havia taxis vaig haver de caminar.
    Since there were no taxis, I had to walk.
  2. must (probable, certain; followed by an infinitive)
    Les claus han de ser al calaixThe keys must be in the drawer.

Conjugation

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As haver, but with alternative 1st person singular form haig.

Synonyms

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Portuguese

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Verb

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haver de (first-person singular present hei de, first-person singular preterite houve de, past participle havido de)

  1. (auxiliary, slightly poetic) ought to; shall
    1. forms a future tense [with infinitive]
      Synonym: ir
      • 1880, Maria Amalia Vaz de Carvalho, “A morte de Bertha [Bertha’s death]”, in Contos e phantasias [Short stories and fantasies]‎[1], 2nd edition, Lisbon: Parceria Antonio Maria Pereira, published 1905, page 236:
        Como é bom ir para o céo! Nunca mais hei-de ter frio!
        It feels so good to go to heaven! I will never feel cold again!
      • 1977, Guilherme Arantes, “Amanhã”, in Ronda Noturna, Som Livre:
        Amanhã, a luminosidade / Alheia a qualquer vontade / Há de imperar
        Tomorrow, luminosity / A stranger to anyone’s wills / Shall reign
      • 1978, Chico Buarque, “Apesar de Você”, in Chico Buarque, PolyGram:
        Apesar de você / Amanhã há de ser outro dia
        In spite of you / Tomorrow ought to be a new day
      • 1984, Caetano Veloso, “Língua”, in Velô, Philips Records:
        E sei que a poesia está para prosa / Assim como o amor está para a amizade / E quem há de negar que esta lhe é superior?
        And I know poetry is to prose / As love is to friendship / And who ought to deny the latter is superior?
      • 1997, Gilberto Gil, “Estrela”, in Quanta, Warner Music:
        Há de surgir / Uma estrela no céu / Cada vez que ocê sorrir
        Há de apagar / Uma estrela no céu / Cada vez que ocê chorar
        A star in the sky / Shall appear / Every time you smile
        A star in the sky / Shall burn out / Every time you cry
    2. indicates duty [with infinitive]
      Synonyms: ter que, ter de, dever

Usage notes

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  • In European Portuguese, between 1945 and 1990, monosyllabic forms of this verb were hyphenated: hei-de, hás-de, há-de, hão-de; if a proclitic pronoun followed, it would also be joined with a hyphen. This was done to indicate how de and any clitic pronouns are not stressed in speech.[1]
    • Hei-de-lhe dizer.I must tell you.
    • Hás-de-me ajudar.You must help me.
  • Prior to the first spelling reforms of Portuguese, hyphenated and spaced spellings coexisted. Brazil’s 1943 reform made the spaced spelling official.

Conjugation

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References

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