haurio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *auzjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews-ye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“to scoop, draw water”), whence also Proto-Germanic *ausaną (“to scoop, draw water”) and Ancient Greek αὔω (aúō, “to light a fire”), with the /h-/ likely inserted by hypercorrection.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈhau̯.ri.oː/, [ˈhäu̯rioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈau̯.ri.o/, [ˈäːu̯rio]

Verb

hauriō (present infinitive haurīre, perfect active hausī, supine haustum); fourth conjugation

1. to draw (especially water), drain
2. to drain, drink up, swallow

   Synonyms: ēbibō, exhauriō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.382–384:

     “Spērō equidem mediīs, sī quid pia nūmina possunt,
     supplicia hausūrum scopulīs, et nōmine Dīdō
     saepe vocātūrum. [...]”

     “But I hope [that], in the midst [of the sea] — if the just gods do what they are able — [you] will drink [your] punishments on the reefs, and to the name ‘Dido’ you will cry out often.”
     (hausūrum = [tē] haustūrum esse: figuratively, may you suffer what you deserve; literally, may you drown when you are shipwrecked “mediīs scopulīs” — among underwater rocks)

3. (figuratively) to take in with the senses as if to drink or swallow
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.661–662:

     “Hauriat hunc oculīs ignem crūdēlis ab altō
     Dardanus, et nostrae sēcum ferat ōmina mortis.”

     “Let the cruel Dardan drink this funeral pyre with his eyes from far at sea, and may he bear with him the omens of our death.”
     (Dido here speaks of herself using the royal we: “nostrae”. For another figurative example related to “hauriō”, cf. Aeneas speaking at 4.359: “hīs auribus hausī”: “I drank with these ears”.)

4. to absorb, devour, consume, engulf

   Synonyms: cōnsūmō, conterō, terō

5. exhaust, deplete, use up

   Synonyms: exhauriō, abūtor, absūmō

6. (of blood) to spill, shed
7. to tear up, pluck out, draw out; dig up, hollow out

   Synonyms: carpō, āvellō, vellō, dēripiō

8. to draw, derive, borrow, take

   Synonyms: capiō, trahō, dūcō

   • c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, 3 24:

     abiectīs properē laciniīs tōtīs, avidē manūs immersī et haurītō plūsculō cūncta corporis meī membra perfricuī.

     I quickly threw off all my clothes, and eagerly put immersed my hands [in the jar with the magical substance], and having drawn a sizeable amount, I rubbed all parts of my body.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of hauriō (fourth conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	hauriō	haurīs	haurit	haurīmus	haurītis	hauriunt
	imperfect	hauriēbam	hauriēbās	hauriēbat	hauriēbāmus	hauriēbātis	hauriēbant
	future	hauriam	hauriēs	hauriet	hauriēmus	hauriētis	haurient
	perfect	hausī	hausistī	hausit	hausimus	hausistis	hausērunt, hausēre
	pluperfect	hauseram	hauserās	hauserat	hauserāmus	hauserātis	hauserant
	future perfect	hauserō	hauseris	hauserit	hauserimus	hauseritis	hauserint
passive	present	haurior	haurīris, haurīre	haurītur	haurīmur	haurīminī	hauriuntur
	imperfect	hauriēbar	hauriēbāris, hauriēbāre	hauriēbātur	hauriēbāmur	hauriēbāminī	hauriēbantur
	future	hauriar	hauriēris, hauriēre	hauriētur	hauriēmur	hauriēminī	haurientur
	perfect	haustus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	haustus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	haustus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	hauriam	hauriās	hauriat	hauriāmus	hauriātis	hauriant
	imperfect	haurīrem	haurīrēs	haurīret	haurīrēmus	haurīrētis	haurīrent
	perfect	hauserim	hauserīs	hauserit	hauserīmus	hauserītis	hauserint
	pluperfect	hausissem	hausissēs	hausisset	hausissēmus	hausissētis	hausissent
passive	present	hauriar	hauriāris, hauriāre	hauriātur	hauriāmur	hauriāminī	hauriantur
	imperfect	haurīrer	haurīrēris, haurīrēre	haurīrētur	haurīrēmur	haurīrēminī	haurīrentur
	perfect	haustus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	haustus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	haurī	—	—	haurīte	—
	future	—	haurītō	haurītō	—	haurītōte	hauriuntō
passive	present	—	haurīre	—	—	haurīminī	—
	future	—	haurītor	haurītor	—	—	hauriuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		haurīre	hausisse	haustūrum esse	haurīrī	haustum esse	haustum īrī
participles		hauriēns	—	haustūrus	—	haustus	hauriendus, hauriundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		hauriendī	hauriendō	hauriendum	hauriendō	haustum	haustū

• The supine stem haurītum is also attested (in the ablative haurītū, in Apuleius), alongside the perfect participle haurītus and future active participle haurītūrus and hausūrus (the latter in various poets), even if uncommonly.

Derived terms

• dehauriō
• exhauriō
• haustor
• haustrum
• haustus
• perhauriō

Descendants

• Galician: avir
• Portuguese: haurir

References

• “haurio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “haurio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• haurio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be drowned in the eddies: gurgitibus hauriri
    
  • to draw from the fountain-head: e fontibus haurire (opp. rivulos consectari or fontes non videre)
    
  • to drain the cup of sorrow.[1: calamitatem haurire
    
  • to take one's fill of enjoyment: voluptates haurire
    
  • to undergo severe trouble, trials: magnum luctum haurire (without ex-)
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• “exhaust”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.