Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ews-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂ews-^[1]

to become light
to dawn

Alternative reconstructions

*h₂ewes-^[2]
*h₂wes-^[3]

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ews- (dawn) (20 c, 0 e)

*h₂us-sḱé-ti (ske-present)^[3]^[2]^[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hušćáti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Huṣśáti
    - Sanskrit: उच्छति (uccháti, “to dawn”)
  - Proto-Iranian:
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬎𐬯𐬀𐬧𐬙 (usaṇt, ptc.act.)

*h₂us-yé-tor (ye-deponent)
- >? Proto-Italic: *ozjōr (“to dawn”) (unexpected lowering) (see there for further descendants)

*h₂wés-t ~ *h₂us-ént (root athematic present)^[3]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáHwast ~ *HáHusant
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HáHwast ~ *HáHusant
    - Sanskrit: आवस् (ā́vas), अवात् (avāt, “to become light”)

*h₂wos-éye-ti (eye-causative)^[3]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hwāsáyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hwāsáyati
    - Sanskrit: वासयति (vāsáyati, “to let become light”)

*h₂ews-ér(i)

*h₂wes-éh₂^[1]^[4]
- Proto-Tocharian: *wyäsā (“gold”)^[4]
  - Tocharian A: wäs
  - Tocharian B: yasā
    - ⇒? Tocharian B: yasna
  - →? Proto-Uralic: *waśke (“copper, brass”) (see there for further descendants)

*h₂ews-o-m^[1] (or *h₂é-h₂us-o-m^[5])
- Proto-Italic: *auzom (“gold”) (see there for further descendants)

*h₂éws-ōs ~ *h₂us-és

*h₂éws-tero-s, *h₂usés-tero-s

*h₂éws-ti-s ~ *h₂us-téy-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Huštiš
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Huṣṭiṣ
    - ⇒ Sanskrit: व्युष्टि (vyùṣṭi, “first gleam of dawn, daybreak”) (+ वि- (vi-, “around, about”))

*h₂ḗws ~ *h₂us-és
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Húš
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Húṣ
    - Sanskrit: उष् (úṣ, “dawn, morning”)

*h₂óws-i-s ~ *h₂us-éy-s
- Proto-Germanic: *auziz
  - ⇒? Proto-Germanic: *Auziwandilaz (“Morning Star”) (see there for further descendants)

*h₂óws-mo-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ausmas
  - Latvian: ausma (“dawn”)
    - ⇒ Latvian: Ausma

*h₂us-ró-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Husrás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Husrás
    - Sanskrit: उस्र (usrá, “reddish, ruddy; bright; matutinal”)

Proto-Albanian: *ausra (“twilight”)
- Albanian: err

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 241; 294; 301: “*hₐewes-; *hₐeusom ~ *hₐwesehₐ-; *hₐeust(e)ro-; *hₐeus-; *hₐéusōs; *hₐ(e)us-sk̂-eti”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “au̯es-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 86-87: “*us-sk̂éti”
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *h₂ues-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “yasa”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 524–525: “PTch *wi̯äsā; *hₐwesehₐ”
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “aurum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 63

Root

*h₂ews-^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

to draw water, scoop up

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ews- (draw) (1 c, 0 e)

*h₂ews-e-ti
- Proto-Germanic: *ausaną (“to scoop”) (see there for further descendants)
*h₂ews-ye-ti
- Proto-Italic: *auzjō
  - Latin: hauriō (“to draw, scoop up”) (see there for further descendants)
*h₂ews-e-ti or *h₂ews-ye-ti
- >? Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: αὔω (aúō)
  - ⇒ Mycenaean Greek: 𐀢𐀨𐀄𐀵𐀫 (pu-ra-u-to-ro /⁠puraustrō⁠/)
*h₂us-^[5]
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - ⇒ Ancient Greek: (ἀφ)ύσσω ((aph)ússō, “to draw or scoop liquids”)
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - Palaic: 𒄷𒍑𒅆𒄿𒅔𒀭𒋫 (ḫu-uš-ši-i-in-an-ta /⁠hussīnta, ḫuššīnanta⁠/, “they draw water for themselves; sacrificial offering, in particular libations”)
- Proto-Celtic: *awsetlo- or *awselo- (“flesh-fork”) (possibly)
  - >? Old Irish: aél (or from Old English awul)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὔω 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “hauriō, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*ausan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*awsetlo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀφύσσω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180

[Mallory-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 241; 294; 301: “*hₐewes-; *hₐeusom ~ *hₐwesehₐ-; *hₐeust(e)ro-; *hₐeus-; *hₐéusōs; *hₐ(e)us-sk̂-eti”

[IEW-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “au̯es-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 86-87: “*us-sk̂éti”

[LIV-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *h₂ues-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN

[DTB-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “yasa”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 524–525: “PTch *wi̯äsā; *hₐwesehₐ”

[5] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “aurum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 63

[Beekes_1-6] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αὔω 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175

[De_vaan_1-7] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “hauriō, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281

[Kroonen_1-8] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*ausan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43

[Matasovich_1-9] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*awsetlo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 48

[Beekes_2-10] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀφύσσω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180

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