gymnasium

See also: Gymnasium

English

Etymology

From Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”), from γυμνός (gumnós, “naked”), because Greek athletes trained naked.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɪmˈneɪ.zi.əm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

gymnasium (plural gymnasia or gymnasiums)

1. (formal) A large room or building for indoor sports.

   Synonym: gym (clipping)

2. A type of secondary school in some European countries which typically prepares students for university.

   Near-synonyms: grammar school, prep school

3. (historical) A public place or building where Ancient Greek youths took exercise, with running and wrestling grounds, baths, and halls for conversation.

   Alternative form: gymnasion

Related terms

• gymnastics
• gymno- (and its derivatives)

Translations

place for indoor sports — see also gym

• Armenian: գիմնազիա (hy) (gimnazia)
• Azerbaijani: gimnaziya
• Basque: gimnasio (eu)
• Belarusian: гімнасты́чная за́ла f (himnastýčnaja zála), спартза́ла f (spartzála), трэнажо́рная за́ла f (trenažórnaja zála)
• Bulgarian: гимнасти́чески сало́н m (gimnastíčeski salón)
• Catalan: gimnàs (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 健身室 (gin⁶ san¹ sat¹), gym房 (zim¹ fong²)

  Mandarin: 健身房 (zh) (jiànshēnfáng)

• Czech: tělocvična (cs) f
• Dutch: turnzaal (nl) m, gymnastiekzaal (nl) m
• Esperanto: gimnastikejo
• Finnish: liikuntasali (fi), kuntosali (fi)
• French: gymnase (fr) m, salle de gymnastique (fr) f, salle de sport (fr) m
• Galician: ximnasio (gl) m
• German: Sporthalle (de) f, Turnhalle (de) f, Gymnastikraum (de) m, Fitnessstudio (de) n, Muckibude (de) f
• Greek: γυμναστήριο (el) n (gymnastírio)

  Ancient: γυμνάσιον n (gumnásion)

• Hungarian: (smaller:) tornaterem (hu), (bigger:) tornacsarnok (hu)
• Icelandic: íþróttahús n, leikfimisalur m
• Ido: gimnastikeyo (io)
• Indonesian: gimnasium (id)
• Irish: giomnáisiam m
• Italian: palestra (it) f
• Japanese: 体育館 (ja) (たいいくかん, taiikukan)
• Khmer: កន្លែងហាត់ប្រាណ (kɑnlaeng hatpraan)
• Korean: 체육관(體育館) (ko) (cheyukgwan)
• Macedonian: гимнастичка сала f (gimnastička sala)
• Malay: gimnasium
• Maori: whare whakapakari, whare whakapakari tinana, whare korikori
• Navajo: biiʼndaʼaʼnéhé
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: gymnastikksal m, gymsal m, sportshall m

  Nynorsk: gymnastikksal m, gymsal m

• Old English: pleġstōw f
• Persian:

  Iranian Persian: وَرْزِشْگاه (varzešgâh), سالُنِ وَرْزِش (sâlon-e varzeš)

• Plautdietsch: Spälhaul f
• Polish: siłownia (pl) f, sala gimnastyczna f
• Portuguese: ginásio (pt) m, academia (pt) f
• Romanian: sală de gimnastică f, hală de gimnastică f
• Russian: гимнасти́ческий зал m (gimnastíčeskij zal), спортза́л (ru) m (sportzál), джим (ru) m (džim), тренажёрный зал m (trenažórnyj zal)
• Scottish Gaelic: ionad-cleasachd m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гимнастичка сала f, терета̀на f

  Roman: gimnastička sala f, teretàna (sh) f

• Slovak: telocvičňa f
• Slovene: telovadnica f
• Spanish: gimnasio (es) m
• Swedish: gymnastiksal (sv) c, sporthall (sv) c
• Turkish: spor salonu, jimnastik salonu
• Ukrainian: гімнасти́чний зал m (himnastýčnyj zal), спортза́л m (sportzál), тренаже́рний зал (uk) m (trenažérnyj zal)
• Urdu: وَرْزِش گاہ m (varziś gāh), جِم (jim), وَرْزِش خانَہ m (varziś xāna), جِم خانَہ m (jim xāna)
• Vietnamese: thể dục (vi), gym (vi)
• Volapük: turöp
• Welsh: campfa (cy) f

type of school

• Belarusian: гімна́зія f (himnázija)
• Bulgarian: гимна́зия (bg) f (gimnázija)
• Catalan: gimnàs (ca) m, institut (ca)
• Czech: gymnázium (cs) n
• Danish: gymnasium (da) n
• Esperanto: gimnazio
• Estonian: gümnaasium (et)
• Finnish: lukio (fi)
• French: lycée (fr) m, (Switzerland) gymnase (fr) m
• German: Gymnasium (de) n
• Greek: γυμνάσιο (el) n (gymnásio), λύκειο (el) n (lýkeio)
• Hungarian: gimnázium (hu)
• Icelandic: menntaskóli (is) m, framhaldsskóli (is) m
• Ido: gimnazio (io)
• Italian: ginnasio (it), Liceo Classico
• Lithuanian: gimnazija f
• Polish: gimnazjum (pl) n
• Portuguese: ginásio (pt) m
• Romanian: gimnaziu (ro) n
• Russian: гимна́зия (ru) f (gimnázija)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гимназија f

  Roman: gimnazija (sh) f

• Slovene: gimnazija f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: gymnazium m

• Spanish: bachillerato (es) m, instituto (es)
• Swedish: gymnasium (sv) n
• Turkish: lise (tr)
• Ukrainian: гімна́зія f (himnázija)
• Yiddish: גימנאַזיע f (gimnazye)

Czech

Alternative forms

• gymnázium

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡɪmnaːzɪjum]
• IPA^(key): [ˈɡɪmnazɪjum]

Noun

gymnasium n

1. (archaic) grammar school

Declension

Declension of gymnasium (semisoft neuter foreign)

	singular	plural
nominative	gymnasium	gymnasia
genitive	gymnasia	gymnasií
dative	gymnasiu	gymnasiím
accusative	gymnasium	gymnasia
vocative	gymnasium	gymnasia
locative	gymnasiu	gymnasiích
instrumental	gymnasiem	gymnasii

Further reading

• “gymnasium”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “gymnasium”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

From Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡymnaːsjɔm/, [ɡ̊ymˈnæːˀɕɔm]
• Rhymes: -ɔm

Noun

gymnasium n (singular definite gymnasiet, plural indefinite gymnasier, in compounds: gymnasie-)

1. gymnasium (a type of secondary school)

Inflection

Declension of gymnasium

neuter gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	gymnasium	gymnasiet	gymnasier	gymnasierne
genitive	gymnasiums	gymnasiets	gymnasiers	gymnasiernes

Further reading

• gymnasium on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

Dutch

Etymology

From Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: gym‧na‧si‧um

Noun

gymnasium n (plural gymnasia or gymnasiums, diminutive gymnasiumpje n)

1. a type of secondary school (for 12 to 18 year-olds) which prepares students for university or vocational school, and which offers classes in Latin and/or Greek
2. school of sports which the Greeks had in antiquity

Related terms

• gym

Descendants

• → Indonesian: gimnasium

See also

• atheneum

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”), from γυμνός (gumnós, “naked”), because Greek athletes trained naked.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ɡymˈna.si.um/, [ɡʏmˈnäs̠iʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒimˈna.si.um/, [d͡ʒimˈnäːs̬ium]

Noun

gymnasium n (genitive gymnasiī or gymnasī); second declension

1. gymnasium

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	gymnasium	gymnasia
genitive	gymnasiī gymnasī1	gymnasiōrum
dative	gymnasiō	gymnasiīs
accusative	gymnasium	gymnasia
ablative	gymnasiō	gymnasiīs
vocative	gymnasium	gymnasia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Related terms

• gymnasticus

Descendants

• → Albanian: gjimnaz
• Catalan: gimnàs
• French: gymnase
• Galician: ximnasio
• → German: Gymnasium (see there for further descendants)
• Italian: ginnasio
• Portuguese: ginásio
• Romanian: gimnaziu
• Spanish: gimnasio

References

• “gymnasium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “gymnasium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gymnasium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• gymnasium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “gymnasium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gymnasium in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “gymnasium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

gymnasium n (definite singular gymnasiet, indefinite plural gymnasier, definite plural gymnasia or gymnasiene)

1. alternative form of gymnas

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

gymnasium n (definite singular gymnasiet, indefinite plural gymnasium, definite plural gymnasia)

1. alternative form of gymnas

Swedish

Alternative forms

• gymnasie (nonstandard)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jʏmˈnɑːsɪɵm/

• Audio (Gotland):

  (file)

Noun

gymnasium n

1. gymnasium; upper secondary school: either theoretical ("preparing for further studies") or vocational, most commonly three years long (grades 10-12)
2. a (part of a) school where gymnasium students are taught

   Synonym: gymnasieskola

Declension

Declension of gymnasium

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	gymnasium	gymnasiums
	definite	gymnasiet	gymnasiets
plural	indefinite	gymnasier	gymnasiers
	definite	gymnasierna	gymnasiernas

Synonyms

• gymnasieskola

See also

• gymnasist
• lågstadium (grades 1-3)
• mellanstadium (grades 4-6)
• högstadium (grades 7-9)
• högskola
• universitet
• high school (“American secondary school”)

Further reading

• gymnasium in Svensk ordbok.