gyakor
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finno-Ugric *jowkkɜ (“flock, crowd”) + -r (nominal-forming suffix). In Hungarian, it was originally a noun, which became an adjective in adjective use.[1][2]
Has been in the past compared with Proto-Finnic *joukko (“flock, crowd”)[3] (whence e.g. Finnish joukko), but this is now explained otherwise.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]gyakor (comparative gyakorabb or gyakrabb, superlative leggyakorabb or leggyakrabb)
- (dialectal) many, numerous, multiple, common, frequent
- (dialectal) thick, dense, close-woven, close-textured
- Synonym: sűrű
Declension
[edit]| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | gyakor | gyakorok |
| accusative | gyakort | gyakorokat |
| dative | gyakornak | gyakoroknak |
| instrumental | gyakorral | gyakorokkal |
| causal-final | gyakorért | gyakorokért |
| translative | gyakorrá | gyakorokká |
| terminative | gyakorig | gyakorokig |
| essive-formal | gyakorként | gyakorokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | gyakorban | gyakorokban |
| superessive | gyakoron | gyakorokon |
| adessive | gyakornál | gyakoroknál |
| illative | gyakorba | gyakorokba |
| sublative | gyakorra | gyakorokra |
| allative | gyakorhoz | gyakorokhoz |
| elative | gyakorból | gyakorokból |
| delative | gyakorról | gyakorokról |
| ablative | gyakortól | gyakoroktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
gyakoré | gyakoroké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
gyakoréi | gyakorokéi |
or
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | gyakor | gyakorak |
| accusative | gyakort | gyakorakat |
| dative | gyakornak | gyakoraknak |
| instrumental | gyakorral | gyakorakkal |
| causal-final | gyakorért | gyakorakért |
| translative | gyakorrá | gyakorakká |
| terminative | gyakorig | gyakorakig |
| essive-formal | gyakorként | gyakorakként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | gyakorban | gyakorakban |
| superessive | gyakoron | gyakorakon |
| adessive | gyakornál | gyakoraknál |
| illative | gyakorba | gyakorakba |
| sublative | gyakorra | gyakorakra |
| allative | gyakorhoz | gyakorakhoz |
| elative | gyakorból | gyakorakból |
| delative | gyakorról | gyakorakról |
| ablative | gyakortól | gyakoraktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
gyakoré | gyakoraké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
gyakoréi | gyakorakéi |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ gyakor in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
- ^ Entry #194 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ gyakor in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- gyakor in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (“A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.