fulgurar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fulgurāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ful.ɣuˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ful.ɣuˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
• Hyphenation: ful‧gu‧rar

Verb

fulgurar (first-person singular present fulguro, first-person singular preterite fulgurí, past participle fulgurat)

1. (intransitive) to fulgurate, to emit beams of light
2. (intransitive) to twinkle, to scintillate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of fulgurar (first conjugation)

infinitive			fulgurar
gerund			fulgurant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		fulgurat		fulgurada
		plural		fulgurats		fulgurades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	fulguro	fulgures	fulgura	fulgurem	fulgureu	fulguren
	imperfect	fulgurava	fulguraves	fulgurava	fulguràvem	fulguràveu	fulguraven
	future	fulguraré	fulguraràs	fulgurarà	fulgurarem	fulgurareu	fulguraran
	preterite	fulgurí	fulgurares	fulgurà	fulguràrem	fulguràreu	fulguraren
	conditional	fulguraria	fulguraries	fulguraria	fulguraríem	fulguraríeu	fulgurarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	fulguri	fulguris	fulguri	fulgurem	fulgureu	fulgurin
	imperfect	fulgurés	fulguressis	fulgurés	fulguréssim	fulguréssiu	fulguressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	fulgura	fulguri	fulgurem	fulgureu	fulgurin
	negative (no)	—	no fulguris	no fulguri	no fulgurem	no fulgureu	no fulgurin

Further reading

• “fulgurar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
• “fulgurar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “fulgurar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Galician

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fulgurāre, present active infinitive of fulgurō.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /fulɡuˈɾaɾ/ [fuɫ.ɣ̞uˈɾaɾ]

• IPA^(key): (standard) /fulɡuˈɾaɾ/ [fuɫ.ɣ̞uˈɾaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (gheada) /fulħuˈɾaɾ/ [fuɫ.ħuˈɾaɾ]

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: ful‧gu‧rar

Verb

fulgurar (first-person singular present fulguro, first-person singular preterite fulgurei, past participle fulgurado)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of fulgurar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	fulgurar
Personal	fulgurar	fulgurares	fulgurar	fulgurarmos	fulgurardes	fulguraren
Gerund
	fulgurando
Past participle
Masculine	fulgurado			fulgurados
Feminine	fulgurada			fulguradas
Indicative
Present	fulguro	fulguras	fulgura	fulguramos	fulgurades	fulguran
Imperfect	fulguraba	fulgurabas	fulguraba	fulgurabamos	fulgurabades	fulguraban
Preterite	fulgurei	fulguraches	fulgurou	fulguramos	fulgurastes	fulguraron
Pluperfect	fulgurara	fulguraras	fulgurara	fulguraramos	fulgurarades	fulguraran
Future	fulgurarei	fulgurarás	fulgurará	fulguraremos	fulguraredes	fulgurarán
Conditional	fulguraría	fulgurarías	fulguraría	fulgurariamos	fulgurariades	fulgurarían
Subjunctive
Present	fulgure	fulgures	fulgure	fulguremos	fulguredes	fulguren
Imperfect	fulgurase	fulgurases	fulgurase	fulgurásemos	fulgurásedes	fulgurasen
Future	fulgurar	fulgurares	fulgurar	fulgurarmos	fulgurardes	fulguraren
Imperative
Affirmative		fulgura	fulgure	fulguremos	fulgurade	fulguren
Negative (non)		non fulgures	non fulgure	non fulguremos	non fulguredes	non fulguren

    Reintegrated conjugation of fulgurar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	fulgurar
Personal	fulgurar	fulgurares	fulgurar	fulgurarmos	fulgurardes	fulgurarem
Gerund
	fulgurando
Past participle
Masculine	fulgurado			fulgurados
Feminine	fulgurada			fulguradas
Indicative
Present	fulguro	fulguras	fulgura	fulguramos	fulgurades, fulgurais	fulguram
Imperfect	fulgurava	fulguravas	fulgurava	fulgurávamos	fulgurávades, fulguráveis, fulgurávais1	fulguravam
Preterite	fulgurei	fulguraste, fulgurache1	fulgurou	fulguramos	fulgurastes	fulgurárom, fulguraram
Pluperfect	fulgurara	fulguraras	fulgurara	fulguráramos	fulgurárades, fulguráreis, fulgurárais1	fulguraram
Future	fulgurarei	fulgurarás	fulgurará	fulguraremos	fulguraredes, fulgurareis	fulgurarám, fulgurarão
Conditional	fulguraria	fulgurarias	fulguraria	fulguraríamos	fulguraríades, fulguraríeis, fulguraríais1	fulgurariam
Subjunctive
Present	fulgure	fulgures	fulgure	fulguremos	fulguredes, fulgureis	fulgurem
Imperfect	fulgurasse	fulgurasses	fulgurasse	fulgurássemos	fulgurássedes, fulgurásseis	fulgurassem
Future	fulgurar	fulgurares	fulgurar	fulgurarmos	fulgurardes	fulgurarem
Imperative
Affirmative		fulgura	fulgure	fulguremos	fulgurade, fulgurai	fulgurem
Negative (nom)		nom fulgures	nom fulgure	nom fulguremos	nom fulguredes, nom fulgureis	nom fulgurem

¹Less recommended.

Further reading

• “fulgurar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fulgurāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fuw.ɡuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [fuʊ̯.ɡuˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fuw.ɡuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [fuʊ̯.ɡuˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /fuw.ɡuˈɾa(ɾ)/ [fuʊ̯.ɡuˈɾa(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /fuw.ɡuˈɾa(ʁ)/ [fuʊ̯.ɡuˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /fuw.ɡuˈɾa(ɻ)/ [fuʊ̯.ɡuˈɾa(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ful.ɡuˈɾaɾ/ [fuɫ.ɣuˈɾaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ful.ɡuˈɾaɾ/ [fuɫ.ɣuˈɾaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ful.ɡuˈɾa.ɾi/ [fuɫ.ɣuˈɾa.ɾi]

Verb

fulgurar (first-person singular present fulguro, first-person singular preterite fulgurei, past participle fulgurado)

1. (dated, poetic) to fulgurate, to glow, to flare, to flash
   • 1909, “Brazilian National Anthem”, Osório Duque-Estrada (lyrics):

     Fulguras, ó Brasil, florão da América!

     Thou flashes, o Brazil, crocket of America!

2. (figuratively) to stand out (to be noticeable among many)

   Synonyms: sobressair, destacar (both reflexive)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of fulgurar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	fulgurar
Personal	fulgurar	fulgurares	fulgurar	fulgurarmos	fulgurardes	fulgurarem
Gerund
	fulgurando
Past participle
Masculine	fulgurado			fulgurados
Feminine	fulgurada			fulguradas
Indicative
Present	fulguro	fulguras	fulgura	fulguramos	fulgurais	fulguram
Imperfect	fulgurava	fulguravas	fulgurava	fulgurávamos	fulguráveis	fulguravam
Preterite	fulgurei	fulguraste	fulgurou	fulguramos1, fulgurámos2	fulgurastes	fulguraram
Pluperfect	fulgurara	fulguraras	fulgurara	fulguráramos	fulguráreis	fulguraram
Future	fulgurarei	fulgurarás	fulgurará	fulguraremos	fulgurareis	fulgurarão
Conditional	fulguraria	fulgurarias	fulguraria	fulguraríamos	fulguraríeis	fulgurariam
Subjunctive
Present	fulgure	fulgures	fulgure	fulguremos	fulgureis	fulgurem
Imperfect	fulgurasse	fulgurasses	fulgurasse	fulgurássemos	fulgurásseis	fulgurassem
Future	fulgurar	fulgurares	fulgurar	fulgurarmos	fulgurardes	fulgurarem
Imperative
Affirmative		fulgura	fulgure	fulguremos	fulgurai	fulgurem
Negative (não)		não fulgures	não fulgure	não fulguremos	não fulgureis	não fulgurem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fulgurāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fulɡuˈɾaɾ/ [ful.ɣ̞uˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ful‧gu‧rar

Verb

fulgurar (first-person singular present fulguro, first-person singular preterite fulguré, past participle fulgurado)

1. to fulgurate
2. to glow

   Synonyms: fulgir, brillar, resplandecer

Conjugation

    Conjugation of fulgurar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			fulgurar
gerund			fulgurando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		fulgurado		fulgurada
		plural		fulgurados		fulguradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	fulguro	fulgurastú fulgurásvos	fulgura	fulguramos	fulguráis	fulguran
	imperfect	fulguraba	fulgurabas	fulguraba	fulgurábamos	fulgurabais	fulguraban
	preterite	fulguré	fulguraste	fulguró	fulguramos	fulgurasteis	fulguraron
	future	fulguraré	fulgurarás	fulgurará	fulguraremos	fulguraréis	fulgurarán
	conditional	fulguraría	fulgurarías	fulguraría	fulguraríamos	fulguraríais	fulgurarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	fulgure	fulgurestú fulgurésvos2	fulgure	fulguremos	fulguréis	fulguren
	imperfect (ra)	fulgurara	fulguraras	fulgurara	fulguráramos	fulgurarais	fulguraran
	imperfect (se)	fulgurase	fulgurases	fulgurase	fulgurásemos	fulguraseis	fulgurasen
	future1	fulgurare	fulgurares	fulgurare	fulguráremos	fulgurareis	fulguraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		fulguratú fulgurávos	fulgure	fulguremos	fulgurad	fulguren
	negative		no fulgures	no fulgure	no fulguremos	no fulguréis	no fulguren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Derived terms

• fulguración

 

Related terms

• fulgor
• fulguroso
• fulminar

 

Further reading

• “fulgurar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28