frjósa
Appearance
See also: frjosa
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse frjósa, from Proto-Germanic *freusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *prews-, *prus-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]frjósa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative fraus, third-person plural past indicative frusu, supine frosið)
- (intransitive) to freeze
Conjugation
[edit]frjósa — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að frjósa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
frosið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
frjósandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég frýs | við frjósum | present (nútíð) |
ég frjósi | við frjósum |
þú frýst | þið frjósið | þú frjósir | þið frjósið | ||
hann, hún, það frýs | þeir, þær, þau frjósa | hann, hún, það frjósi | þeir, þær, þau frjósi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég fraus | við frusum | past (þátíð) |
ég frysi | við frysum |
þú fraust | þið frusuð | þú frysir | þið frysuð | ||
hann, hún, það fraus | þeir, þær, þau frusu | hann, hún, það frysi | þeir, þær, þau frysu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
frjós (þú) | frjósið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
frjóstu | frjósiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
frosinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
frosinn | frosin | frosið | frosnir | frosnar | frosin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
frosinn | frosna | frosið | frosna | frosnar | frosin | |
dative (þágufall) |
frosnum | frosinni | frosnu | frosnum | frosnum | frosnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
frosins | frosinnar | frosins | frosinna | frosinna | frosinna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
frosni | frosna | frosna | frosnu | frosnu | frosnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
frosna | frosnu | frosna | frosnu | frosnu | frosnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
frosna | frosnu | frosna | frosnu | frosnu | frosnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
frosna | frosnu | frosna | frosnu | frosnu | frosnu |
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *freusaną, whence also Old English frēosan, Old Saxon and Old High German friosan. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *prews-, *prus-.
Verb
[edit]frjósa (singular past indicative fraus, plural past indicative fruru, past participle frosinn)
Conjugation
[edit]Alternatively, in the Old Icelandic dialect, this verb can receive a weak inflection pattern in its past tenses. See also kjósa for this.
Conjugation of frjósa — active (strong class 2)
infinitive | frjósa | |
---|---|---|
present participle | frjósandi | |
past participle | frosinn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | frýs | fraus |
2nd-person singular | frýss | fraust |
3rd-person singular | frýss | fraus |
1st-person plural | frjósum | frusum |
2nd-person plural | frjósið | frusuð |
3rd-person plural | frjósa | frusu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | frjósa | frysa |
2nd-person singular | frjósir | frysir |
3rd-person singular | frjósi | frysi |
1st-person plural | frjósim | frysim |
2nd-person plural | frjósið | frysið |
3rd-person plural | frjósi | frysi |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | frjós | |
1st-person plural | frjósum | |
2nd-person plural | frjósið |
Conjugation of frjósa — mediopassive (strong class 2)
infinitive | frjósask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | frjósandisk | |
past participle | frosizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | frjósumk | frusumk |
2nd-person singular | frjósk | frausk |
3rd-person singular | frjósk | frausk |
1st-person plural | frjósumsk | frusumsk |
2nd-person plural | frjósizk | frusuzk |
3rd-person plural | frjósask | frususk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | frjósumk | frysumk |
2nd-person singular | frjósisk | frysisk |
3rd-person singular | frjósisk | frysisk |
1st-person plural | frjósimsk | frysimsk |
2nd-person plural | frjósizk | frysizk |
3rd-person plural | frjósisk | frysisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | frjósk | |
1st-person plural | frjósumsk | |
2nd-person plural | frjósizk |
Conjugation of frjósa — active (strong class 2, weak inflection in past tense)
infinitive | frjósa | |
---|---|---|
present participle | frjósandi | |
past participle | frerinn, frørinn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | frýs | frera, frøra |
2nd-person singular | frýss | frerir, frørir |
3rd-person singular | frýss | freri, frøri |
1st-person plural | frjósum | frerum, frørum |
2nd-person plural | frjósið | freruð, frøruð |
3rd-person plural | frjósa | freru, frøru |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | frjósa | frera, frøra |
2nd-person singular | frjósir | frerir, frørir |
3rd-person singular | frjósi | freri, frøri |
1st-person plural | frjósim | frerim, frørim |
2nd-person plural | frjósið | frerið, frørið |
3rd-person plural | frjósi | freri, frøri |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | frjós | |
1st-person plural | frjósum | |
2nd-person plural | frjósið |
Conjugation of frjósa — mediopassive (strong class 2, weak inflection in past tense)
infinitive | frjósask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | frjósandisk | |
past participle | frerinn, frørizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | frjósumk | frerumk, frørumk |
2nd-person singular | frýsk | frerisk, frørisk |
3rd-person singular | frýsk | frerisk, frørisk |
1st-person plural | frjósumsk | frerumsk, frørumsk |
2nd-person plural | frjósizk | freruzk, frøruzk |
3rd-person plural | frjósask | frerusk, frørusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | frjósumk | frerumk, frørumk |
2nd-person singular | frjósisk | frerisk, frørisk |
3rd-person singular | frjósisk | frerisk, frørisk |
1st-person plural | frjósimsk | frerimsk, frørimsk |
2nd-person plural | frjósizk | frerizk, frørizk |
3rd-person plural | frjósisk | frerisk, frørisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | frjósk | |
1st-person plural | frjósumsk | |
2nd-person plural | frjósizk |
Related terms
[edit]- frost n
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: frjósa
- ⇒ Faroese: frosin (adj) (via past participle)
- Jamtish: frýse
- Elfdalian: friuosa
- Old Swedish: frȳsa
- Old Danish: frȳsæ
- Gutnish: frausa, frause
References
[edit]- “frjósa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ouːsa
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ouːsa/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic strong verbs
- Icelandic intransitive verbs
- Icelandic class 2 strong verbs
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *prews-
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 2 strong verbs