foreith
Appearance
Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *uɸoreteti (“to help”) (compare Welsh gwared), a calque of Latin succurrō. By surface analysis, fo- + reithid.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]fo·reith
- to help, to aid, to succour
- Synonyms: for·tét, con·gní, cobraithir
- c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly, TBC-I 223
- Luid Fergus didiu fordul mór fadess co fórsed do Ultaib terchomrac slóig.
- Fergus went out of his way to the south in order to aid [by buying time] the Ulstermen gathering their army.
- c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Ep. 405; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:
- Ar écnairc ind ríg-sa fris·n-agar a nnúall-sa, fa·rith asint sním-sa, in pauperán trúag-sa!
- For the sake of the king to whom this cry was made, help him out of this sadness, this wretched pauper!
Inflection
[edit]Complex, class B I present, á preterite, s future, s subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Deut. | fo·riuth | fo·reith | fo·rethat | |||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Preterite | Deut. | fu·rráith | |||||||
Prot. | ·faráith | ||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | fo·roraid, fu·rroraith | |||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Future | Deut. | fum·ré (with infixed pronoun m-) | |||||||
Prot. | ·farrésat | ||||||||
Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·foír | ||||||||
Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·fórsed | ||||||||
Imperative | fa·rith (with infixed pronoun a-) | ||||||||
Verbal noun | |||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Mutation
[edit]radical | lenition | nasalization |
---|---|---|
fo·reith also fo·rreith |
fo·reith pronounced with /-r(ʲ)-/ |
unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “foreith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreth₂-
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Latin
- Old Irish terms prefixed with fo-
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish verbs
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish complex verbs
- Old Irish class B I present verbs
- Old Irish á preterite verbs
- Old Irish s future verbs
- Old Irish s subjunctive verbs