elül
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Verb
[edit]elül
- (intransitive) to sit away, to sit elsewhere (from: mellől or -tól/-től)
- (intransitive, dated, rare) to sit down
- Synonym: leül
- (transitive) to block (by sitting)
- (intransitive, transitive) to sit for a while
- (transitive) to make numb by sitting
- (intransitive, of birds, bats, etc.) to go to perch, to go to roost (somewhere)
- (intransitive, literary) to sink, to subside
- (higher register, of dust, powder, etc.) to settle
- (dated) to go down, to set (of a celestial body, to disappear below the horizon)
- Synonyms: lemegy, lenyugszik
- (transitive, dated, literary, literally of substance or figuratively of oppressive feeling) to cover, to settle upon
- (intransitive) to die down, to subside
- Synonyms: lecsillapodik, mérséklődik
- (intransitive, somewhat dated, literary) to fade away, to recede
- (intransitive, dated, rare) to pale, to pale in comparison (beside/next to: mellett)
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of elül
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elülök | elülsz | elül | elülünk | elültök | elülnek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | elültem | elültél | elült | elültünk | elültetek | elültek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. el fog ülni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elülék | elülél | elüle | elülénk | elülétek | elülének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. elül vala, elült vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elülendek | elülendesz | elülend | elülendünk | elülendetek | elülendenek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elülnék | elülnél | elülne | elülnénk | elülnétek | elülnének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elült volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elüljek | elülj or elüljél |
elüljön | elüljünk | elüljetek | elüljenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elült légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | elülni | elülnöm | elülnöd | elülnie | elülnünk | elülnötök | elülniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
elülés | elülő | elült | ― | elülve (elülvén) | elültet | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem ül el or el is ül. |
potential conjugation of elül
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elülhetek | elülhetsz | elülhet | elülhetünk | elülhettek | elülhetnek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | elülhettem | elülhettél | elülhetett | elülhettünk | elülhettetek | elülhettek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elülheték | elülhetél | elülhete | elülheténk | elülhetétek | elülhetének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. elülhet vala, elülhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elülhetendek or elülandhatok |
elülhetendesz or elülandhatsz |
elülhetend or elülandhat |
elülhetendünk or elülandhatunk |
elülhetendetek or elülandhattok |
elülhetendenek or elülandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elülhetnék | elülhetnél | elülhetne | elülhetnénk | elülhetnétek | elülhetnének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elülhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elülhessek | elülhess or elülhessél |
elülhessen | elülhessünk | elülhessetek | elülhessenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elülhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (elülhetni) | (elülhetnem) | (elülhetned) | (elülhetnie) | (elülhetnünk) | (elülhetnetek) | (elülhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (elülhetve / elülhetvén) | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem ülhet el or el is ülhet. |
Etymology 2
[edit]See elöl. This form first attested in 1763.[1]
Adverb
[edit]elül (superlative legelül)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ elöl in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
[edit]- elül in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
- (verb): (1): elül in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (adverb): (2): elül in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian verbs prefixed with el-
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- Hungarian verbs taking mellől
- Hungarian verbs taking -tól/-től
- Hungarian dated terms
- Hungarian terms with rare senses
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian literary terms
- Hungarian higher register terms
- Hungarian verbs taking mellett
- Hungarian adverbs