crwth
See also: Crwth
English
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From earlier crowd, from Middle English crowde, reinforced by and cognate to Welsh crwth; ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kruttos (“round thing”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (General American) IPA(key): /kɹuθ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /kɹuːθ/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -uːθ
Noun
[edit]crwth (plural crwths)
- (historical) An archaic stringed instrument associated particularly with Wales, though once played widely in Europe, and characterized by a vaulted back and enough space for the player to stop each of the six strings on the fingerboard. Played variously by plucking or bowing.
- 1895, John Frederick Rowbotham, The Troubadours and Courts of Love:
- We find in one period crwths, with the strings twanged with the right hand, and stopped above with the left, being held as we hold a violoncello to-day, but being small, on the lap.
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]archaic stringed instrument
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- 1910, The Encyclopædia Britannica, page 513
Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Welsh crwth, from Proto-Brythonic *kruθ, from Proto-Celtic *kruttos (“round thing”), perhaps related to Latvian krūtis (“breast, bust”), from Proto-Indo-European *krū̆t; but it could instead be loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate.[1][2] Possibly related to Proto-Celtic *krundis (“round”).[3] Compare Old Irish crott (“harp, lute”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]crwth m (plural crythau)
- (music) crwth; fiddle, violin, viol
- purring (of a cat)
- hump, hunch on the back, convexity; hunchback; hunchbacked, rounded, bent, convex
- anything of round or bulging shape, especially a vessel, basket, box
Mutation
[edit]| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| crwth | grwth | nghrwth | chrwth |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crott”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1642”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1642
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “krutto”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 228
- ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “crwth”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language[1], Stirling, →ISBN, page cruit
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “crwth”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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- English terms derived from Proto-Celtic
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- Rhymes:English/uːθ
- Rhymes:English/uːθ/1 syllable
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- en:String instruments
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- cy:Musical instruments
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