castigar

Asturian

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).

Verb

castigar (first-person singular indicative present castigo, past participle castigáu)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

Conjugation

Conjugation of castigar

infinitive		castigar
gerund		castigando
past participle		m castigáu, f castigada, n castigao, m pl castigaos, f pl castigaes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	castigo	castigues	castiga	castigamos	castigáis	castiguen
	imperfect	castigaba	castigabes	castigaba	castigábemos, castigábamos	castigabeis, castigabais	castigaben
	preterite	castigué	castigasti, castiguesti	castigó	castiguemos	castigastis, castiguestis	castigaron
	pluperfect	castigare, castigara	castigares, castigaras	castigare, castigara	castigáremos, castigáramos	castigareis, castigarais	castigaren, castigaran
	future	castigaré	castigarás	castigará	castigaremos	castigaréis	castigarán
	conditional	castigaría	castigaríes	castigaría	castigaríemos, castigaríamos	castigaríeis, castigaríais	castigaríen
subjunctive	present	castigue	castigues, castigas	castigue	castiguemos	castiguéis	castiguen, castigan
	imperfect	castigare, castigara	castigares, castigaras	castigare, castigara	castigáremos, castigáramos	castigareis, castigarais	castigaren, castigaran
imperative		—	castiga	—	—	castigái	—

Related terms

• castigu
• castu

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [kəs.tiˈɣa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [kas.tiˈɣaɾ]

Verb

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguí, past participle castigat)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
2. (figurative) to punish, to work hard, to strain, to afflict
   • 2013 September 11, Ernest Alós, “Competir en català”, in El Periódico de Catalunya‎^[1]:

     A l'hora de definir el sector del llibre en català hi ha un factor (a més del llibre infantil i juvenil, amb uns resultats superiors als de ficció i no-ficció per a adults, i el de text, castigat pel reciclatge de llibres) que solen oblidar-se i que ajuda a explicar per què els editors en llengua catalana pateixen mentre la quota de mercat creix.

     When it comes time to define the book sector in Catalan, there is one factor (aside from young adult and children's books, with superior results to those of adult fiction and non-fiction, and that of the text, strained by the reuse of books) which is usually forgotten and which helps to explain why Catalan-language publishers suffer while market share grows.

3. to correct (text)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of castigar (first conjugation, g-gu alternation)

infinitive			castigar
gerund			castigant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		castigat		castigada
		plural		castigats		castigades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	castigo	castigues	castiga	castiguem	castigueu	castiguen
	imperfect	castigava	castigaves	castigava	castigàvem	castigàveu	castigaven
	future	castigaré	castigaràs	castigarà	castigarem	castigareu	castigaran
	preterite	castiguí	castigares	castigà	castigàrem	castigàreu	castigaren
	conditional	castigaria	castigaries	castigaria	castigaríem	castigaríeu	castigarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	castigui	castiguis	castigui	castiguem	castigueu	castiguin
	imperfect	castigués	castiguessis	castigués	castiguéssim	castiguéssiu	castiguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	castiga	castigui	castiguem	castigueu	castiguin
	negative (no)	—	no castiguis	no castigui	no castiguem	no castigueu	no castiguin

Synonyms

• (punish): punir

Derived terms

• càstig

Related terms

• cast

Further reading

• “castigar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “castigar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kastiˈɡaɾ/ [kɑs̺.t̪iˈɣ̞ɑɾ]

• IPA^(key): (standard) /kastiˈɡaɾ/ [kɑs̺.t̪iˈɣ̞ɑɾ]
• IPA^(key): (gheada) /kastiˈħaɾ/ [kɑs̺.t̪iˈħɑɾ]

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: cas‧ti‧gar

Verb

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguei, past participle castigado)

1. (transitive) to punish, to correct, to chastise, to castigate

   Antonym: premiar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of castigar (g-gu alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	castigar
Personal	castigar	castigares	castigar	castigarmos	castigardes	castigaren
Gerund
	castigando
Past participle
Masculine	castigado			castigados
Feminine	castigada			castigadas
Indicative
Present	castigo	castigas	castiga	castigamos	castigades	castigan
Imperfect	castigaba	castigabas	castigaba	castigabamos	castigabades	castigaban
Preterite	castiguei	castigaches	castigou	castigamos	castigastes	castigaron
Pluperfect	castigara	castigaras	castigara	castigaramos	castigarades	castigaran
Future	castigarei	castigarás	castigará	castigaremos	castigaredes	castigarán
Conditional	castigaría	castigarías	castigaría	castigariamos	castigariades	castigarían
Subjunctive
Present	castigue	castigues	castigue	castiguemos	castiguedes	castiguen
Imperfect	castigase	castigases	castigase	castigásemos	castigásedes	castigasen
Future	castigar	castigares	castigar	castigarmos	castigardes	castigaren
Imperative
Affirmative		castiga	castigue	castiguemos	castigade	castiguen
Negative (non)		non castigues	non castigue	non castiguemos	non castiguedes	non castiguen

    Reintegrated conjugation of castigar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	castigar
Personal	castigar	castigares	castigar	castigarmos	castigardes	castigarem
Gerund
	castigando
Past participle
Masculine	castigado			castigados
Feminine	castigada			castigadas
Indicative
Present	castigo	castigas	castiga	castigamos	castigades, castigais	castigam
Imperfect	castigava	castigavas	castigava	castigávamos	castigávades, castigáveis, castigávais1	castigavam
Preterite	castiguei	castigaste, castigache1	castigou	castigamos	castigastes	castigárom, castigaram
Pluperfect	castigara	castigaras	castigara	castigáramos	castigárades, castigáreis, castigárais1	castigaram
Future	castigarei	castigarás	castigará	castigaremos	castigaredes, castigareis	castigarám, castigarão
Conditional	castigaria	castigarias	castigaria	castigaríamos	castigaríades, castigaríeis, castigaríais1	castigariam
Subjunctive
Present	castigue	castigues	castigue	castiguemos	castiguedes, castigueis	castiguem
Imperfect	castigasse	castigasses	castigasse	castigássemos	castigássedes, castigásseis	castigassem
Future	castigar	castigares	castigar	castigarmos	castigardes	castigarem
Imperative
Affirmative		castiga	castigue	castiguemos	castigade, castigai	castiguem
Negative (nom)		nom castigues	nom castigue	nom castiguemos	nom castiguedes, nom castigueis	nom castiguem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• castigo

 

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “castigar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “castigar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “castigar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “castigar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “castigar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “castigar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “castigar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin castīgāre, present active infinitive of castīgō (“I chastise, reprimand”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Verb

castigar

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

   Synonyms: chastiar, punir

2. (figuratively) to afflict, to cripple

   Serà pas aisit de trobar a me faire embauchar, estant que lo caumatge castiga la vila. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		castigar			aver castigat
gerund		castigant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		castigat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	castigui	castigas	castiga	castigam	castigatz	castigan
	imperfect	castigavi	castigavas	castigava	castigàvem	castigàvetz	castigavan
	preterite	castiguèri	castiguères	castiguèt	castiguèrem	castiguèretz	castiguèron
	future	castigarai	castigaràs	castigarà	castigarem	castigaretz	castigaràn
	conditional	castigariái	castigariás	castigariá	castigariam	castigariatz	castigarián
	conditional 2nd form1	castiguèra	castiguèras	castiguèra	castigueram	castigueratz	castiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	castigue	castigues	castigue	castiguem	castiguetz	castiguen
	imperfect	castiguèssi	castiguèsses	castiguèsse	castiguèssem	castiguèssetz	castiguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			castiga		castiguem	castigatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		castigar			aver castigat
gerund		castigant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		castigat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	castigue	castigues	castiga	castigam	castigatz	castigon
	imperfect	castigave	castigaves	castigava	castigaviam	castigaviatz	castigavon
	preterite	castiguere	castigueres	castiguet	castiguem	castiguetz	castigueron
	future	castigarai	castigaràs	castigará	castigarem	castigaretz	castigarán
	conditional	castigariá	castigariás	castigariá	castigariam	castigariatz	castigarián
	conditional 2nd form1	castiguèra	castiguèras	castiguèra	castigueram	castigueratz	castiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	castigue	castigues	castigue	castigassiam	castigassiatz	castigon
	imperfect	castiguesse	castiguesses	castiguesse	castiguessiam	castiguessiatz	castiguesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			castiga		castigassiam	castigatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		castigar			aver castigat
gerund		castigant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		castigat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	castigui	castigas	castiga	castigam	castigatz	castigan
	imperfect	castigavi	castigavas	castigava	castigàvam	castigàvatz	castigavan
	preterite	castiguèi	castiguès	castiguè	castiguèm	castiguètz	castiguèn
	future	castigarèi	castigaràs	castigarà	castigaram	castigaratz	castigaràn
	conditional	castigarí	castigarés	castigaré	castigarem	castigaretz	castigarén
	conditional 2nd form1	castiguèra	castiguèras	castiguèra	castigueram	castigueratz	castiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	castigui	castigues	castigue	castiguem	castiguetz	castiguen
	imperfect	castiguèssi	castiguèsses	castiguèsse	castiguèssem	castiguèssetz	castiguèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			castiga		castiguem	castigatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		castigar			aver castigat
gerund		castigant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		castigat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	castigue	castigas	castiga	castigam	castigatz	castigan
	imperfect	castigava	castigavas	castigava	castigàvam	castigàvatz	castigavan
	preterite	castiguei	castigueras	castiguet	castiguèram	castiguèratz	castigueran
	future	castigarai	castigaràs	castigará	castigarem	castigaretz	castigarán
	conditional	castigariá	castigariàs	castigariá	castigariam	castigariatz	castigarián
	conditional 2nd form1	castiguèra	castiguèras	castiguèra	castigueram	castigueratz	castiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	castigue	castigues	castigue	castiguem	castiguetz	castiguen
	imperfect	castiguèsse	castiguèsses	castiguèsse	castiguèssem	castiguèssetz	castiguèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			castiga		castiguem	castigatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		castigar			aver castigat
gerund		castigant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		castigat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	castigue	castigues	castiga	castigam	castigatz	castigan
	imperfect	castigavi	castigavas	castigava	castigàvem	castigàvetz	castigavan
	preterite	castiguère	castiguères	castiguèt	castigueriam	castigueriatz	castiguèron
	future	castigarai	castigaràs	castigarà	castigarem	castigaretz	castigaràn
	conditional	castigariáu	castigariás	castigariá	castigariam	castigariatz	castigarián
	conditional 2nd form1	castiguèra	castiguèras	castiguèra	castigueram	castigueratz	castiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	castigue	castigues	castigue	castiguem	castiguetz	castigan
	imperfect	castiguèsse	castiguèsses	castiguèsse	castiguessiam	castiguessiatz	castiguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			castiga		castiguem	castigatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Related terms

• cast
• castic
• castigador

 

Further reading

• Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 155.

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese castigar, from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, to reprimand”), possibly an early borrowing.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ʁ)/ [kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ʁ)/ [kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /kaʃ.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ʁ)/ [kaʃ.t͡ʃiˈɡa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐʃ.tiˈɡaɾ/ [kɐʃ.tiˈɣaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐʃ.tiˈɡaɾ/ [kɐʃ.tiˈɣaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐʃ.tiˈɡa.ɾi/ [kɐʃ.tiˈɣa.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: cas‧ti‧gar

Verb

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castiguei, past participle castigado)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

   Synonym: punir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of castigar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	castigar
Personal	castigar	castigares	castigar	castigarmos	castigardes	castigarem
Gerund
	castigando
Past participle
Masculine	castigado			castigados
Feminine	castigada			castigadas
Indicative
Present	castigo	castigas	castiga	castigamos	castigais	castigam
Imperfect	castigava	castigavas	castigava	castigávamos	castigáveis	castigavam
Preterite	castiguei	castigaste	castigou	castigamos1, castigámos2	castigastes	castigaram
Pluperfect	castigara	castigaras	castigara	castigáramos	castigáreis	castigaram
Future	castigarei	castigarás	castigará	castigaremos	castigareis	castigarão
Conditional	castigaria	castigarias	castigaria	castigaríamos	castigaríeis	castigariam
Subjunctive
Present	castigue	castigues	castigue	castiguemos	castigueis	castiguem
Imperfect	castigasse	castigasses	castigasse	castigássemos	castigásseis	castigassem
Future	castigar	castigares	castigar	castigarmos	castigardes	castigarem
Imperative
Affirmative		castiga	castigue	castiguemos	castigai	castiguem
Negative (não)		não castigues	não castigue	não castiguemos	não castigueis	não castiguem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• castigo

Related terms

• casto

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish castigar, an early borrowing from Latin castīgāre (“to chastise, reprimand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kastiˈɡaɾ/ [kas.t̪iˈɣ̞aɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: cas‧ti‧gar

Verb

castigar (first-person singular present castigo, first-person singular preterite castigué, past participle castigado)

1. to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)

   Synonym: punir

2. to ground, gate (to punish, especially a child or teenager, by forcing them to stay at home and/or give up certain privileges)

   Antonym: descastigar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of castigar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			castigar
gerund			castigando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		castigado		castigada
		plural		castigados		castigadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	castigo	castigastú castigásvos	castiga	castigamos	castigáis	castigan
	imperfect	castigaba	castigabas	castigaba	castigábamos	castigabais	castigaban
	preterite	castigué	castigaste	castigó	castigamos	castigasteis	castigaron
	future	castigaré	castigarás	castigará	castigaremos	castigaréis	castigarán
	conditional	castigaría	castigarías	castigaría	castigaríamos	castigaríais	castigarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	castigue	castiguestú castiguésvos2	castigue	castiguemos	castiguéis	castiguen
	imperfect (ra)	castigara	castigaras	castigara	castigáramos	castigarais	castigaran
	imperfect (se)	castigase	castigases	castigase	castigásemos	castigaseis	castigasen
	future1	castigare	castigares	castigare	castigáremos	castigareis	castigaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		castigatú castigávos	castigue	castiguemos	castigad	castiguen
	negative		no castigues	no castigue	no castiguemos	no castiguéis	no castiguen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of castigar (g-gu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive castigar
	dative	castigarme	castigarte	castigarle, castigarse	castigarnos	castigaros	castigarles, castigarse
	accusative	castigarme	castigarte	castigarlo, castigarla, castigarse	castigarnos	castigaros	castigarlos, castigarlas, castigarse
with gerund castigando
	dative	castigándome	castigándote	castigándole, castigándose	castigándonos	castigándoos	castigándoles, castigándose
	accusative	castigándome	castigándote	castigándolo, castigándola, castigándose	castigándonos	castigándoos	castigándolos, castigándolas, castigándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative castiga
	dative	castígame	castígate	castígale	castíganos	not used	castígales
	accusative	castígame	castígate	castígalo, castígala	castíganos	not used	castígalos, castígalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative castigá
	dative	castigame	castigate	castigale	castiganos	not used	castigales
	accusative	castigame	castigate	castigalo, castigala	castiganos	not used	castigalos, castigalas
with formal second-person singular imperative castigue
	dative	castígueme	not used	castíguele, castíguese	castíguenos	not used	castígueles
	accusative	castígueme	not used	castíguelo, castíguela, castíguese	castíguenos	not used	castíguelos, castíguelas
with first-person plural imperative castiguemos
	dative	not used	castiguémoste	castiguémosle	castiguémonos	castiguémoos	castiguémosles
	accusative	not used	castiguémoste	castiguémoslo, castiguémosla	castiguémonos	castiguémoos	castiguémoslos, castiguémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative castigad
	dative	castigadme	not used	castigadle	castigadnos	castigaos	castigadles
	accusative	castigadme	not used	castigadlo, castigadla	castigadnos	castigaos	castigadlos, castigadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative castiguen
	dative	castíguenme	not used	castíguenle	castíguennos	not used	castíguenles, castíguense
	accusative	castíguenme	not used	castíguenlo, castíguenla	castíguennos	not used	castíguenlos, castíguenlas, castíguense

Related terms

• castigo
• casto

 

Further reading

• “castigar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28