averrunco

Latin

Etymology

From ab- +‎ verruncō (“I turn out (in a specific way)”), from Old Latin *verruncus, from Proto-Indo-European *wrs-on-ko, from *wrs-on- (“one who wards off”). See verro (“I sweep out”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /aː.u̯erˈrun.koː/, [äːu̯ɛrˈrʊŋkoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /a.verˈrun.ko/, [äverˈruŋko]

Verb

āverruncō (present infinitive āverruncāre, perfect active āverruncāvī, supine āverruncātum); first conjugation

1. (religion) to avert, remove, ward off
   • 234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, dē agrī cultūrā 141.2:

     Mārs pater, tē precor quaesōque, uti [...] tū morbōs vīsōs invīsōsque, viduertātem vāstitūdinemque, calamitātēs intemperiāsque prohibēssīs dēfendēs āverruncēsque.

Conjugation

Conjugation of āverruncō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	āverruncō	āverruncās	āverruncat	āverruncāmus	āverruncātis	āverruncant
	imperfect	āverruncābam	āverruncābās	āverruncābat	āverruncābāmus	āverruncābātis	āverruncābant
	future	āverruncābō	āverruncābis	āverruncābit	āverruncābimus	āverruncābitis	āverruncābunt
	perfect	āverruncāvī	āverruncāvistī	āverruncāvit	āverruncāvimus	āverruncāvistis	āverruncāvērunt, āverruncāvēre
	pluperfect	āverruncāveram	āverruncāverās	āverruncāverat	āverruncāverāmus	āverruncāverātis	āverruncāverant
	future perfect	āverruncāverō	āverruncāveris	āverruncāverit	āverruncāverimus	āverruncāveritis	āverruncāverint
	sigmatic future1	āverruncāssō	āverruncāssis	āverruncāssit	āverruncāssimus	āverruncāssitis	āverruncāssint
passive	present	āverruncor	āverruncāris, āverruncāre	āverruncātur	āverruncāmur	āverruncāminī	āverruncantur
	imperfect	āverruncābar	āverruncābāris, āverruncābāre	āverruncābātur	āverruncābāmur	āverruncābāminī	āverruncābantur
	future	āverruncābor	āverruncāberis, āverruncābere	āverruncābitur	āverruncābimur	āverruncābiminī	āverruncābuntur
	perfect	āverruncātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	āverruncātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	āverruncātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	āverruncem	āverruncēs	āverruncet	āverruncēmus	āverruncētis	āverruncent
	imperfect	āverruncārem	āverruncārēs	āverruncāret	āverruncārēmus	āverruncārētis	āverruncārent
	perfect	āverruncāverim	āverruncāverīs	āverruncāverit	āverruncāverīmus	āverruncāverītis	āverruncāverint
	pluperfect	āverruncāvissem	āverruncāvissēs	āverruncāvisset	āverruncāvissēmus	āverruncāvissētis	āverruncāvissent
	sigmatic aorist1	āverruncāssim	āverruncāssīs	āverruncāssīt	āverruncāssīmus	āverruncāssītis	āverruncāssint
passive	present	āverruncer	āverruncēris, āverruncēre	āverruncētur	āverruncēmur	āverruncēminī	āverruncentur
	imperfect	āverruncārer	āverruncārēris, āverruncārēre	āverruncārētur	āverruncārēmur	āverruncārēminī	āverruncārentur
	perfect	āverruncātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	āverruncātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	āverruncā	—	—	āverruncāte	—
	future	—	āverruncātō	āverruncātō	—	āverruncātōte	āverruncantō
passive	present	—	āverruncāre	—	—	āverruncāminī	—
	future	—	āverruncātor	āverruncātor	—	—	āverruncantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		āverruncāre	āverruncāvisse	āverruncātūrum esse	āverruncārī	āverruncātum esse	āverruncātum īrī
participles		āverruncāns	—	āverruncātūrus	—	āverruncātus	āverruncandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		āverruncandī	āverruncandō	āverruncandum	āverruncandō	āverruncātum	āverruncātū

¹At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms

• Āverruncus

References

• “averrunco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “averrunco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• averrunco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “verro”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN