asagúsi

Old Irish

Etymology

From ess- + Proto-Celtic *guseti (compare do·goa), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-. The prefix is often replaced with ad-.

The derivation is very complicated. The following account of how the -si suffix appeared in Old Irish is implied by KPV:

• The expected present forms would include asa·gú throughout the singular. This made all three persons in the singular identical in form (a situation unusual in Old Irish verbs), leading to multiple strategies arising to distinguish the third-person singular from the other persons. This included adding notae augentes particles to the end of the conjugated verb (like -si), and forming a new weak A II denominative verb from a hypothetical *-tis noun relative *gustis. The two strategies would hybridize to create the weak present as(a)·gúsi.
• The future forms are analogical after gníid (“to do”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /asaˈɡuːsʲi/

Verb

asa·gúsi (verbal noun aicsu)

1. to desire, wish
2. to choose, select
3. to prefer

For quotations using this term, see Citations:asagúsi.

Conjugation

Complex, class A II present, reduplicated preterite, a future, a subjunctive

		1st sg	2nd sg	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd pl	3rd pl	passive sg	passive pl
present indicative	deut.	ad·gúisiu, asa·gússim		ad·gúsi, asa·gúsi	assa·gússem		assa·gúiset, ad·gúset
	prot.
imperfect indicative	deut.						ad·gústis
	prot.
preterite	deut.			ata·gegai (with infixed pronoun da-); at·gege (with infixed pronoun d-)
	prot.
perfect	deut.						as·ruguset
	prot.
future	deut.
	prot.
conditional	deut.	at·gegainn (with infixed pronoun d-)			at·gegmais (with infixed pronoun d-)
	prot.
present subjunctive	deut.	asa·gú	ad·goa	assa·gúsea; ad·gó, ad·gúa; at·gó (with infixed pronoun d-)			as·ggustae
	prot.
past subjunctive	deut.
	prot.
imperative
verbal noun		aicsu
past participle		ecguiste
verbal of necessity

Mutation

Mutation of asagúsi

radical	lenition	nasalization
asa·gúsi	asa·gúsi pronounced with /-ɣ(ʲ)-/	asa·ngúsi

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “asa·gú(si)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language