aristaa

Finnish

Etymology

arka +‎ -istaa (factitive aspect)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑristɑːˣ/, [ˈɑ̝ris̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑristɑː
• Syllabification^(key): a‧ris‧taa

Verb

aristaa

1. (impersonal + partitive) to be sore

   Jalkojani aristaa.

   My legs are sore.

2. (transitive, usually atelic) to be (very) careful with, handle (very) carefully (because it's sore)

   Hän aristi olkapäätään vielä kolme viikkoa pyöräonnettomuuden jälkeen.

   S/he was very careful with his/her shoulder as late as three weeks after the bike accident.

3. (transitive, usually atelic) to be shy/timid/bashful with (usually as a lasting feature of personality)

Usage notes

• (to be shy, timid, bashful) aristaa and its frequentative derivative aristella are very close in meaning and they can quite freely be used as synonyms, although aristaa tends to refer to the lasting feature of timidity and aristella tends to refer to a single moment where someone is shy.

Conjugation

Inflection of aristaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		aristan	en arista	1st sing.	olen aristanut	en ole aristanut
2nd sing.		aristat	et arista	2nd sing.	olet aristanut	et ole aristanut
3rd sing.		aristaa	ei arista	3rd sing.	on aristanut	ei ole aristanut
1st plur.		aristamme	emme arista	1st plur.	olemme aristaneet	emme ole aristaneet
2nd plur.		aristatte	ette arista	2nd plur.	olette aristaneet	ette ole aristaneet
3rd plur.		aristavat	eivät arista	3rd plur.	ovat aristaneet	eivät ole aristaneet
passive		aristetaan	ei aristeta	passive	on aristettu	ei ole aristettu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		aristin	en aristanut	1st sing.	olin aristanut	en ollut aristanut
2nd sing.		aristit	et aristanut	2nd sing.	olit aristanut	et ollut aristanut
3rd sing.		aristi	ei aristanut	3rd sing.	oli aristanut	ei ollut aristanut
1st plur.		aristimme	emme aristaneet	1st plur.	olimme aristaneet	emme olleet aristaneet
2nd plur.		aristitte	ette aristaneet	2nd plur.	olitte aristaneet	ette olleet aristaneet
3rd plur.		aristivat	eivät aristaneet	3rd plur.	olivat aristaneet	eivät olleet aristaneet
passive		aristettiin	ei aristettu	passive	oli aristettu	ei ollut aristettu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		aristaisin	en aristaisi	1st sing.	olisin aristanut	en olisi aristanut
2nd sing.		aristaisit	et aristaisi	2nd sing.	olisit aristanut	et olisi aristanut
3rd sing.		aristaisi	ei aristaisi	3rd sing.	olisi aristanut	ei olisi aristanut
1st plur.		aristaisimme	emme aristaisi	1st plur.	olisimme aristaneet	emme olisi aristaneet
2nd plur.		aristaisitte	ette aristaisi	2nd plur.	olisitte aristaneet	ette olisi aristaneet
3rd plur.		aristaisivat	eivät aristaisi	3rd plur.	olisivat aristaneet	eivät olisi aristaneet
passive		aristettaisiin	ei aristettaisi	passive	olisi aristettu	ei olisi aristettu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		arista	älä arista	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		aristakoon	älköön aristako	3rd sing.	olkoon aristanut	älköön olko aristanut
1st plur.		aristakaamme	älkäämme aristako	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		aristakaa	älkää aristako	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		aristakoot	älkööt aristako	3rd plur.	olkoot aristaneet	älkööt olko aristaneet
passive		aristettakoon	älköön aristettako	passive	olkoon aristettu	älköön olko aristettu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		aristanen	en aristane	1st sing.	lienen aristanut	en liene aristanut
2nd sing.		aristanet	et aristane	2nd sing.	lienet aristanut	et liene aristanut
3rd sing.		aristanee	ei aristane	3rd sing.	lienee aristanut	ei liene aristanut
1st plur.		aristanemme	emme aristane	1st plur.	lienemme aristaneet	emme liene aristaneet
2nd plur.		aristanette	ette aristane	2nd plur.	lienette aristaneet	ette liene aristaneet
3rd plur.		aristanevat	eivät aristane	3rd plur.	lienevät aristaneet	eivät liene aristaneet
passive		aristettaneen	ei aristettane	passive	lienee aristettu	ei liene aristettu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		aristaa		present	aristava	aristettava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st aristaakseni aristaaksemme 2nd aristaaksesi aristaaksenne 3rd aristaakseen aristaaksensa		past	aristanut	aristettu
2nd	inessive2	aristaessa	aristettaessa	agent4	aristama
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st aristaessani aristaessamme 2nd aristaessasi aristaessanne 3rd aristaessaan aristaessansa		negative	aristamaton
	instructive	aristaen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. * The third-person singular indicative form aristaa does not exhibit final gemination, unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd	inessive	aristamassa	—
	elative	aristamasta	—
	illative	aristamaan	—
	adessive	aristamalla	—
	abessive	aristamatta	—
	instructive	aristaman	aristettaman
4th3	verbal noun	aristaminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st aristamaisillani aristamaisillamme 2nd aristamaisillasi aristamaisillanne 3rd aristamaisillaan aristamaisillansa

Synonyms

• (to be sore): sattua, koskea
• (to be very careful with): varoa
• (to be shy/timid/bashful): ujostella, kainostella, arastella, aristella, arkailla

Derived terms

nouns

• aristaminen
• aristus

 

verbs

• aristella
• aristua

 

Further reading

• “aristaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• aarista, raaista, raatsia, sairaat