afastar

Galician

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese afastar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), of obscure origin; maybe from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“fixed, firm”), through Suevic [Term?] or Gothic.^[1]

afastar (first-person singular present afasto, first-person singular preterite afastei, past participle afastado)

(transitive) to repel, to move apart
(reflexive) to retreat, to go back
- 1479, Fernández de Viana y Vieites, edited by José Ignacio, Colección diplomática del monasterio de Santa María de Pantón, Lugo: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Diputación Provincial de Lugo, page 250:
  qualquier de nos que se afastar a fora e o non quiser asy thener, conprir e agardar que día e pague aa parte aguardante [...] duzentos moravedís de moeda vella
  any of us who would move out (of this pact) and who would not want to have it, to follow it, and to ward it, should give to the other part [...] 200 old coins

Conjugation of afastar

Reintegrated conjugation of afastar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	afastar
Personal	afastar	afastares	afastar	afastarmos	afastardes	afastarem
Gerund
	afastando
Past participle
Masculine	afastado			afastados
Feminine	afastada			afastadas
Indicative
Present	afasto	afastas	afasta	afastamos	afastades, afastais	afastam
Imperfect	afastava	afastavas	afastava	afastávamos	afastávades, afastáveis, afastávais¹	afastavam
Preterite	afastei	afastaste, afastache¹	afastou	afastamos	afastastes	afastárom, afastaram
Pluperfect	afastara	afastaras	afastara	afastáramos	afastárades, afastáreis, afastárais¹	afastaram
Future	afastarei	afastarás	afastará	afastaremos	afastaredes, afastareis	afastarám, afastarão
Conditional	afastaria	afastarias	afastaria	afastaríamos	afastaríades, afastaríeis, afastaríais¹	afastariam
Subjunctive
Present	afaste	afastes	afaste	afastemos	afastedes, afasteis	afastem
Imperfect	afastasse	afastasses	afastasse	afastássemos	afastássedes, afastásseis	afastassem
Future	afastar	afastares	afastar	afastarmos	afastardes	afastarem
Imperative
Affirmative		afasta	afaste	afastemos	afastade, afastai	afastem
Negative (nom)		nom afastes	nom afaste	nom afastemos	nom afastedes, nom afasteis	nom afastem

¹Less recommended.

Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “afastar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “afastar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “afastar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “afastar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
“afastar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “afastar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

^ Rivas Quintas, Eligio (2015). Dicionario etimolóxico da lingua galega. Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo, s.v. afastar,

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese afastar, of obscure origin; maybe from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“fixed, firm”), through Suevic [Term?] or Gothic.

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.fasˈta(ʁ)/ [a.fasˈta(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.fasˈta(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.faʃˈta(ʁ)/ [a.faʃˈta(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.fasˈta(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɐʃˈtaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.fɐʃˈta.ɾi/

afastar (first-person singular present afasto, first-person singular preterite afastei, past participle afastado)

(transitive) to repel; to push away (cause to move away)
Este spray não conseguiu afastar os mosquitos. ― This spray didn’t manage to repel the mosquitos.
(transitive) to drive apart (cause to stop being close, intimate)
A disputa pela herança afastou os irmãos. ― The dispute for the inheritance drove the brothers apart.
(pronominal) to step back; to move away [with de ‘from someone/something’]
Afaste-se do fogo! ― Move away from the fire!

Afasta-te de mim! ― Get away from me!
(pronominal) to dissociate; to distance oneself (stop associating (with)) [with de ‘from someone’]
Resolvi me afastar dos meus falsos amigos. ― I’ve decided to distance myself from my fake friends.
(transitive) to suspend (temporarily ban someone from their job)
- CNJ afasta desembargador que concedeu prisão domiciliar a suspeito de liderar facção criminosa na BA
  CNJ suspends the desembargador who conceded house arrest to a suspect of commanding an organized crime gang in Bahia.

Conjugation of afastar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.