User:Fish bowl/p/ja

pronunciation section

• https://codepen.io/szc/full/OwRQmK: ideas for wikicode and appearance
  • (using pure css to change appearance is just a cute and convenient party trick)
  • ←User:Dine2016/まっとう
• User:Fish bowl/p/zh#t:zh-pron c

conjugation tables

• [module code moved to a private wiki because i'm unhappy with the quality of the code]
• NEW! →User:Fish bowl/p/ja#Conjugation
• https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=焼く&oldid=44454957

Japanese {classifiers}

Classifier

〜匹(〜ひき) • (-hiki)

1. Classifier for small animals.

??? forms

? forms of 匹 (hiki)

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
一(いち) (ichi)	二(に) (ni)	三(さん) (san)	四(よん) (yon)	五(ご) (go)	六(ろく) (roku)	七(なな) (nana)	八(はち) (hachi)	九(きゅう) (kyū)	十(じゅう) (jū)
一匹(いっぴき) (ippiki)	二匹(にひき) (nihiki)	三匹(さんびき) (sanbiki)	四匹(よんひき) (yonhiki)	五匹(ごひき) (gohiki)	六匹(ろっぴき) (roppiki)	七匹(ななひき) (nanahiki)	八匹(はちひき) (hachihiki)	九匹(きゅうひき) (kyūhiki)	十匹(じっぴき) (jippiki)
					六匹(ろくひき) (rokuhiki)		八匹(はっぴき) (happiki)

References

• [4]

Japanese

Noun

…… (hiragana ……, rōmaji ……)

1. ……
   • ……

   學而時習之不亦説乎 (Literary Chinese, kyūjitai)

   学而時習之不亦説乎 (Literary Chinese)

   學(まな)びて時(とき)に之(これ)を習(なら)ふ亦(また)説(よろこ)ばしからずや (classical, kanbun kandoku, kyūjitai)

   学(まな)びて時(とき)に之(これ)を習(なら)ふ亦(また)説(よろこ)ばしからずや (classical, kanbun kandoku)

   manabite toki ni kore wo narafu mata yorokobasikarazu ya (classical)
   manabite toki ni kore o narau mata yorokobashikarazu ya (modernised)

   学(まな)んで時(とき)にこれを習(なら)う亦(また)説(よろこ)ばしからずや (modernised)

   manande toki ni kore o narau mata yorokobashikarazu ya

   Learning and at times practicing it: is this not happiness?

Japanese {entry format reform}: ける

[i have read nothing about the development of japanese yet, not even the wikipedia pages. all i know is that modern != non-modern]

Etymology 1

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける
Kanji	蹴る

From {{inh|ja|ja-classical|ける|tr=keru|pos=verb: four-grade}}.

Pronunciation

• →User:Fish bowl/p/ja#pronunciation section

Verb

ける • (keru) (five-grade conjugation)

1. (transitive) to kick
2. …

Synonyms

• (classical) ける (蹴る, keru, verb: four-grade)
• (classical) ける (蹴る, keru, verb: lower monograde)
• (classical) くゆ (蹴ゆ, kuyu, verb: lower bigrade)
• (classical) こゆ (蹴ゆ, koyu, verb: lower bigrade)
• (classical) くう (蹴う, kuu, verb: lower bigrade)
• (classical) くゑる (蹴ゑる, kuweru, verb: lower monograde???)

Derived terms

• Derived from ける (verb: lower monograde); derivation from ける (verb: five-grade) would produce *keri-.
  • けとばす (蹴飛ばす, ketobasu)
    • けっとばす (蹴っ飛ばす, kettobasu)
  • けちらす (蹴散らす, kechirasu)

See also

• [experimenting with formatting for other types of words & links]
• [we should keep links simple most of the time. this is "what if". (what an eyesore)]
• [normalize all spellings into shinjitai?]
• : can be found in links (if we allow things like {{jpx-l|w:ja:いろは}}) or glosses (if using unnamed parameter for glosses, which may cause ambiguity), therefore, use ` as the delimiter. or @
  • format for alternate link text? {{jpx-l|[[w:ja:いろは|いろは]]}}?
• 変化 [變化] (へんか < へんくわ, henka < henkuwa, "change", noun)
  • {{jpx-l|変化~變化`へんか<へんくわ|change|pos=noun}}
  • {{jpx-l|ja|変化~變化`へんか<へんくわ|change|pos=noun}}
  • {{jpx-l|ja|変化~變化`へんか<へんくわ|pos=noun|t=change}}
  • {{jpx-l|ja|変化|h=1|kyu=1|pos=noun|t=change}}
• たたかう < たたかふ (戦う [戰う] < 戦ふ [戰ふ], tatakau < tatakafu, verb: five-grade < verb: four-grade)
  • {{jpx-l|たたかう<たたかふ`戦う~戰う<戦ふ~戰ふ|pos=v5<v4}}
  • {{jpx-l|たたかう|h=1|kyu=1|pos=v5<v4|sp=1}}
• おいはらう < おひはらふ (追い払う [追い拂う] < 追ひ払ふ [追ひ拂ふ], 追いはらう < 追ひはらふ, 追払う [追拂う] < 追払ふ [追拂ふ], oiharau < ofifarafu)
  • {{jpx-l|おいはらう<おひはらふ`追い払う~追い拂う<追ひ払ふ~追ひ拂ふ,追いはらう<追ひはらふ,追払う~追拂う<追払ふ~追拂ふ}}
  • {{jpx-l|おいはらう|h=1|kyu=1|sp=1}}
• 蹴然 (しゅくぜん < しゆくぜん, shukuzen < syukuzen, しゅうぜん < しうぜん, shūzen < siuzen)
  • {{jpx-l|蹴然`しゅくぜん<しゆくぜん,しゅうぜん<しうぜん}}
  • {{jpx-l|蹴然|h=1}}
• 法律 (ほうりつ < はふりつ, hōritsu < fafuritu, ほうりつ < ほふりつ, hōritsu < fofuritu)
  • {{jpx-l|法律`ほうりつ<はふりつ,ほうりつ<ほふりつ}}
  • {{jpx-l|法律|h=1}}
• 放物線 < 抛物線 (ほうぶつせん < はうぶつせん, hōbutsuen < haubutsusen) 放物線 (ほうぶつせん < はうぶつせん, hōbutsuen < haubutusen) < 抛物線 (ほうぶつせん < はうぶつせん, hōbutsuen < haubutusen) ??
  • {{jpx-l|放物線`ほうぶつせん<はうぶつせん}} < {{jpx-l|抛物線`ほうぶつせん<はうぶつせん}}
  • {{jpx-l|放物線|h=1}} < {{jpx-l|抛物線|h=1}}
• 符丁, 符帳 (ふちょう < ふちやう, fuchō < futyau) < 符牒 (ふちょう < ふてふ, fuchō < futefu)
  • {{jpx-l|符丁,符帳`ふちょう<ふちやう}} < {{jpx-l|符牒`ふちょう<ふてふ}}
  • {{jpx-l|符丁,符帳|h=1}} < {{jpx-l|符牒|h=1}}
    • what would the template do if the readings of 符丁 and 符帳 are different?
    • disallow {{jpx-l|漢語<漢語}}?

Conjugation

[Wiktionary talk:About Japanese/Conjugation ~ Wiktionary talk:About Japanese#Conjugation table]

五段活用: five-grade conjugation
		Example constructions
未然形 Imperfective	未然形 Imperfective	けら kera	Negative: “not ~” [adj. i] けらない keranai Passive: “be ~ed” [v. 5g] けられる kerareru Causative: “make/have sth./sb. ~” [v. 5g] けらせる keraseru Causative: “make/have sth./sb. ~” [v. 1g] けらす kerasu Negative continuative: “without ~ing” けらず kerazu ???: “please do not ~” (formal) けらないでください keranaide kudasai (informal) けらないで keranaide ???: “???” けらねば keraneba
けろ kero		Volitional: “let's ~”! けろう kerō (informal) けろ kero
連用形 Continuative	連用形 Continuative	けり keri	??? (formal): “~” [v. 5g] けります kerimasu ???: “~/~ing” [n.] けり keri ???: “please ~” (???) けりなさい kerinasai (???) けりな kerina ??? (literary): “~!” けりたまえ keritamae ???: “want to ~” [adj. i] けりたい keritai ???: “to want to ~” [v. 5g] けりたがる keritagaru ???: “while ~ing” けりながら kerinagara
けっ ke'		Perfective: “~ed” けった ketta ???: “if sb. ~s/~ed” けったら kettara ???: “???” けったり kettari Conjunctive けって kette ???: “please ~” (formal) けってください kette kudasai (informal) けって kette ??? (informal): “please ~” けって頂戴 kette chōdai ???: “~ing” [v. 1g] けっている ketteiru (informal) けってる ketteru ???: “???” [v. 5g-iku] けっていく ketteiku けってゆく ketteyuku (informal) けってく ketteku ???: “???” [v. irr-kuru] けってくる kettekuru ???: “???” [v. 1g] けってくれる kettekureru ???: “to try to ~” [v. 1g] けってみる kettemiru ???: “???” [v. 5g] けってしまう ketteshimau (informal) けっちまう ketchimau ???: “???” [v. 5g] けっておる ketteoru ???: “???” [v. 5g] けってやる ketteyaru ???: “???” [v. 1g] けってあげる kette ageru ???: “want sb. to ~” [adj. i] けってほしい kettehoshii
終止形 Terminal	ける keru	???: “~” [v. 5g] ける keru ???: “don't ~!” けるな keruna
連体形 Attributive	ける keru	“when one ~s” [n.] けるとき keru toki “~/~ing” [n.] けること keru koto
仮定形 Hypothetical	けれ kere	Hypothetical conditional: “if sb. ~s/~ed” ければ kereba Potential: “can ~” [v. 1g] けれる kereru
命令形 Imperative	けれ kere	Imperative: “~!” けれ kere

["v. 5g", etc is ad-hoc; is there a standard?] [made without referencing Shinji's table; 思い浮かんだら追加; some of these probably shouldn't be here but let's think about that later]

Conjugation by mood + miscellaneous
Non-past indicative Affirmative Negative Non-polite Polite Non-polite Polite かく kaku かきます kakimasu かくっす kaku-ssu かかない kakanai かかねえ kakanē かかぬ kakanu かかん kakan かきません kakimasen かかないです kakanai desu かかないっす kakanai-ssu かかねえっす kakanē-ssu
Past indicative Affirmative Negative Non-polite Polite Non-polite Polite かいた kaita

[can i use <ref></ref> and *△† at the same time :(]

[another table for 歴史的仮名遣い?]

Etymology 2

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける
Kanji	蹴る

From {{cog|ja-classical|ける|tr=keru|pos=verb: lower monograde}}. The shift in the paradigm occurred in the Edo period.

Pronunciation

• …

Verb

(Classical Japanese) ける • (keru) (four-grade conjugation)

[presentation of "classical"-style romaji vs. "modern"-style romaji?] [also, "modernized" pronunciation of classical terms]

1. (transitive) to kick
2. …

Conjugation

• …

Etymology 3

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける
Kanji	蹴る

From {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*hogepiy-}}.

It is suggested that perhaps the original form was {{m|ja-classical|くう|tr=kuu|pos=verb: lower bigrade}} or {{m|ja-classical|くゑる|tr=kuweru|pos=verb: lower monograde}}.

Pronunciation

• …

Verb

(Classical Japanese) ける • (keru) (lower monograde conjugation)

1. (transitive) to kick
2. …

Conjugation

• ける (keru) is the sole lower monograde verb in Classical Japanese.

(Classical Japanese) 下一段活用: lower monograde conjugation
未然形 Irrealis	連用形 Continuative	終止形 Terminal	連体形 Attributive	已然形 Realis	命令形 Imperative
け ke	け ke	ける keru	ける keru	けれ kere	けよ keyo
Example constructions

Etymology 4

Hiragana	modern	ける
	historical	ける

Verb

(Classical Japanese) ける • (keru)

1. attributive of けり (keri)

Japanese {entry format reform}: 法律

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
法	律
ほう Grade: 4	りつ Grade: 6
on'yomi

Hiragana	modern	ほうりつ
	historical	はふりつ

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• …

Noun

法律 • (hōritsu)

1. …

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
法	律
ほう Grade: 4	りつ Grade: 6
on'yomi

Hiragana	modern	ほうりつ
	historical	ほふりつ

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• …

Noun

法律 • (hōritsu)

1. (Buddhism) …

Japanese {entry format reform}: あふる

Etymology 1

From {{inh|ja|ja-classical|あふる|tr=afuru|pos=verb: four-grade}}.

Verb

あふる • (aoru) (five-grade conjugation)

1. historical kana spelling of あおる (aoru)

Conjugation

• …

Etymology 2

Hiragana	modern	あおる
	historical	あふる
Kanji	煽る

…

Pronunciation

• …

Verb

(Classical Japanese) あふる • (afuru) (four-grade conjugation)

1. (transitive) …

Conjugation

• …

Japanese {entry format reform}: ○○形

Suffix

… 未然形 (mizenkei) + ぬ • (-nu) 

1. hoge

Suffix

… 連用形 (ren'yōkei) + ぬ • (-nu) 

1. fuga

Particle

こそ • (koso)  + … 已然形 (izenkei)

1. piyo