Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yap-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Verb

*yap-

1. (transitive) to cover
2. (transitive) to close

   Synonyms: *kap- (“to close”), *yum- (“to close (eyes, mouth)”)

   Antonym: *ač- (“to open”)

Descendants

• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: ябыу (yabıw)
    • Tatar: ябарга (yabarga)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Kumyk: япмакъ (yapmaq)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: жабу (jabu)
    • Nogai: ябув (yabuv)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жабуу (jabuu)
    • Southern Altai: јап- (ǰap-)
• Siberian Turkic:
  • Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽼𐽹𐽰𐽲 (yʾpmʾq /⁠yapmaḳ⁠/)
  • North Siberian Turkic:
    • Yakut: сап (sap)
  • South Siberian Turkic:
    • Sayan:
      • Tofa: чыъфар, чыъпар
      • Tuvan: шывар (şıvar)
    • Yenisei:
      • Chulym: чаварға (čavarɣa)
      • Khakas: чабарға (çabarğa)
      • Shor: чабарға (čabarɣa)
    • Northern Altai: тьабарга (tʹabarga), чабарга (čabarga)

Etymology 2

Verb

*yap-

1. (transitive) to attach

Descendants

• Karakhanid:
• Oghuz:
  • Azerbaijani: yapmaq
  • Salar: yaqğusı
• Proto-Turkic: *yạpïĺč- (“to glue”)
  • Proto-Turkic: *yạpïĺčïn-
  • Proto-Turkic: *yạpïĺčgan
  • Proto-Common Turkic: *yạpïšïk
  • Proto-Common Turkic: *yạpïšgak
• Proto-Common Turkic: *yạprïl-