Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ač-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*ač-

(transitive) to open
Antonyms: *kap- (“to close”), *yap- (“to close”), *yum- (“to close (eyes, mouth)”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: уҫ (uś)
Common Turkic: *ač-

Atghi:
- Khalaj: haçmaq
Proto-Oghuz: *ač-
- Old Anatolian Turkish: آچْمَقْ (açmaq)
  - Azerbaijani: açmaq
  - Gagauz: açmaa
  - Ottoman Turkish: آچمق (açmak)
    - Turkish: açmak
- East Oghuz:
  - Salar: aşğusı
  - Turkmen: açmak
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اَچْماقْ (ačmāq)
  - Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (ačmaq)
    - Chagatai: اچماق (ačmaq)
      - Uzbek: ochmoq
      - Uyghur: ئاچماق (achmaq)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: اچماق (açmaq)
  - North Kipchak:
    - Bashkir: асыу (asıw)
    - Tatar: ачырга (açırga)
  - West Kipchak:
    - Crimean Tatar: açmaq
    - Karachay-Balkar: ачаргъа (açarğa)
    - Kumyk: ачмакъ (açmaq)
  - South Kipchak:
    - Caspian:
      - Kazakh: ашу (aşu)
      - Karakalpak: ashıw
      - Nogai: ашув (aşuv)
    - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      - Kyrgyz: ачуу (acuu)
      - Southern Altai: ачар (ačar)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰲 (ač)
  - Old Uyghur:
    - Western Yugur: ač-, aš-
- Northern Siberian:
  - Dolgan: ас (as) → аһагас (ahagas)
  - Yakut: ас (as) → аһаҕас (ahağas)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: аһяр (ahar)
    - Tuvan: ажар (ajar)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Shor: ашарға (ašarğa)
    - Khakas: азарға (azarğa)