Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/böŋre-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *büxüre-, *büŋsi- (“to howl”), Proto-Tungusic *būni- (“to howl”) (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

It is seen that the middle-ŋ sounds in Turkic, sometimes turn into middle-x sounds in Mongolic: Proto-Turkic *yaŋgak (“walnut”), Proto-Mongolic *jixag (“walnut”); Proto-Turkic *keŋe- (“to advise”), Proto-Mongolic *kexe- (“to speak, say”); Proto-Turkic *sïŋïr (“double shin bone”), Proto-Mongolic *sixira- (“double bone (of animals)”) ...

Verb

*böŋre-

1. (Common Turkic, intransitive) to howl

Conjugation

Conjugation of *böŋre- (Common Turkic)

Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.

Positive
infinitive			*böŋrmek
participle	present		*böŋrgen, böŋrgme, böŋrr
	past		*böŋrdük, böŋrmiš
	future		*böŋrdeči, böŋrmekči, böŋrsik, böŋryeček
verbal noun			*böŋrme, böŋrg, böŋrgü
way of doing			*böŋrš
			singular			plural
			1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			*ben	*sen	*ol	*biz	*siz	*olar
indicative	aorist		*böŋrr ben	*böŋrr sen	*böŋrr	*böŋrr biz	*böŋrr siz	*böŋrr
	past	simple	*böŋrdüm	*böŋrdüŋ	*böŋrdi	*böŋrdük, böŋrdümüz	*böŋrdüŋüz	*böŋrdi
		inferential	*böŋrmiš ben	*böŋrmiš sen	*böŋrmiš	*böŋrmiš biz	*böŋrmiš siz	*böŋrmiš
	future	simple	*böŋrdeči ben, böŋrmekči ben, böŋryeček ben	*böŋrdeči sen, böŋrmekči sen, böŋryeček sen	*böŋrdeči, böŋrmekči, böŋryeček	*böŋrdeči biz, böŋrmekči biz, böŋryeček biz	*böŋrdeči siz, böŋrmekči siz, böŋryeček siz	*böŋrdeči, böŋrmekči, böŋryeček
		predictive	*böŋrgey ben	*böŋrgey sen	*böŋrgey	*böŋrgey biz	*böŋrgey siz	*böŋrgey
		necessitive	*böŋrsüküm	*böŋrsüküŋ	*böŋrsük	*böŋrsükümüz	*böŋrsüküŋüz	*böŋrsük
conditional			*böŋrsem, böŋrser ben	*böŋrseŋ, böŋrser sen	*böŋrse, böŋrser	*böŋrsek, böŋrsemiz, böŋrser biz	*böŋrseŋiz, böŋrser siz	*böŋrseler, böŋrser
optative			*böŋrgey ben	*böŋrgey sen	*böŋrgey	*böŋrgey biz	*böŋrgey siz	*böŋrgey
progressive			*böŋrmekde ben	*böŋrmekde sen	*böŋrmekde	*böŋrmekde biz	*böŋrmekde siz	*böŋrmekde
necessitative			*böŋrmelig ben	*böŋrmelig sen	*böŋrmelig	*böŋrmelig biz	*böŋrmelig siz	*böŋrmelig
imperative			*böŋryeyin	*böŋr, böŋrgil	*böŋrzün	*böŋryelim	*böŋryüŋ	*böŋrzün
Negative
infinitive			*böŋrmemek
participle	present		*böŋrmegen, böŋrmegme, böŋrmez
	past		*böŋrmedük, böŋrmemiš
	future		*böŋrmeči, böŋrmesik, böŋrmeyeček
verbal noun			*böŋrmeme, böŋrmeg, böŋrmegü
way of doing			*böŋrmeš
			singular			plural
			1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			*ben	*sen	*ol	*biz	*siz	*olar
indicative	aorist		*böŋrmez ben	*böŋrmez sen	*böŋrmez	*böŋrmez biz	*böŋrmez siz	*böŋrmez
	past	simple	*böŋrmedüm	*böŋrmedüŋ	*böŋrmedi	*böŋrmedük, böŋrmedümüz	*böŋrmedüŋüz	*böŋrmedi
		inferential	*böŋrmemiš ben	*böŋrmemiš sen	*böŋrmemiš	*böŋrmemiš biz	*böŋrmemiš siz	*böŋrmemiš
	future	simple	*böŋrmeči ben, böŋrmeyeček ben	*böŋrmeči sen, böŋrmeyeček sen	*böŋrmeči, böŋrmeyeček	*böŋrmeči biz, böŋrmeyeček biz	*böŋrmeči siz, böŋrmeyeček siz	*böŋrmeči, böŋrmeyeček
		predictive	*böŋrmegey ben	*böŋrmegey sen	*böŋrmegey	*böŋrmegey biz	*böŋrmegey siz	*böŋrmegey
		necessitive	*böŋrmesüküm	*böŋrmesüküŋ	*böŋrmesük	*böŋrmesükümüz	*böŋrmesüküŋüz	*böŋrmesük
conditional			*böŋrmesem, böŋrmeser ben	*böŋrmeseŋ, böŋrmeser sen	*böŋrmese, böŋrmeser	*böŋrmesek, böŋrmesemiz, böŋrmeser biz	*böŋrmeseŋiz, böŋrmeser siz	*böŋrmeseler, böŋrmeser
optative			*böŋrmegey ben	*böŋrmegey sen	*böŋrmegey	*böŋrmegey biz	*böŋrmegey siz	*böŋrmegey
progressive			*böŋrmemekde ben	*böŋrmemekde sen	*böŋrmemekde	*böŋrmemekde biz	*böŋrmemekde siz	*böŋrmemekde
necessitative			*böŋrmemelig ben	*böŋrmemelig sen	*böŋrmemelig	*böŋrmemelig biz	*böŋrmemelig siz	*böŋrmemelig
imperative			*böŋrmeyeyin	*böŋrme, böŋrmegil	*böŋrmezün	*böŋrmeyelim	*böŋrmeyiŋ	*böŋrmezün

Descendants

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Ottoman Turkish: بوكورمك
      • Turkish: böğürmek
  • Turkmen: möňňürmek
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (müŋre-)
    • Uyghur: [script needed] (mörimek)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: мөңрәү (möñrəw)
    • Tatar: мөгрәргә (mögrärgä)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Karaim: мӧвря- (mövrä-)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Karakalpak: moʻngrew
      • Kazakh: мөңіреу (möñıreu)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: мөөрөө (mööröö)
      • Southern Altai: мӧӧрӧ- (möörö-)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (müŋre-)
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: [script needed] (möŋürüö), маҥыраа (mañıraa, “to moo”)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tuvan: мөөрээр (mööreer)
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: мӱӱрирге (müürirge)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*böŋre-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill